Abstract
The effect of potassium (K) on ferrous iron (Fe2+) toxicity in hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) was investigated in this study. Plants were grown in nutrient solution with three K supplies (0.26, 0.51, and 1.02 mM) and five Fe2+ levels (0.09, 0.18, 0.36, 0.54, and 0.90 mM). Excessive Fe2+ greatly decreased root and shoot dry weights, root length, and shoot height of the hybrid rice, and this depression was obvious even at relatively low Fe2+ levels (above 0.18 mM). Excessive Fe2+ levels notably influenced morphological parameters and concentrations of K, phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N) in the plants. High K supplies ameliorated the negative effects of higher Fe2+, as indicated by increases in biomass and nutrient contents. Proper K supply reduced translocation of Fe2+ from roots to shoots, especially to the upper leaves. Phosphorus, which is antagonistic to Fe2+, was significantly increased by K supply. Ameliorating effects of K may be attributed to the antagonistic effect of K on Fe absorption and translocation to shoots, especially to upper leaves, and to the improvement of plant nutritional status.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Excess ferrous iron decreased rice root and shoot dry weight, root length and shoot height, even above 0.18 mM.
- Taxon
- hybrid rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- Excessive Fe2+e0
- Outcome
- root and shoot dry weights, root length, and shoot heighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- above 0.18 mMe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive Fe2+ greatly decreased root and shoot dry weights, root length, and shoot height of the hybrid rice, and this depression was obvious even at relatively low Fe2+ levels (above 0.18 mM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess ferrous iron affected plant morphology.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Excessive Fe2+ levelse0
- Outcome
- morphological parameterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive Fe2+ levels notably influenced morphological parameters and concentrations of K, phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N) in the plants”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess ferrous iron affected concentrations of potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Excessive Fe2+ levelse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of K, phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive Fe2+ levels notably influenced morphological parameters and concentrations of K, phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N) in the plants”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher potassium supply increased biomass under higher ferrous iron.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- High K suppliese0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High K supplies ameliorated the negative effects of higher Fe2+, as indicated by increases in biomass and nutrient contents”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher potassium supply increased nutrient content under higher ferrous iron.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- High K suppliese0
- Outcome
- nutrient contentse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High K supplies ameliorated the negative effects of higher Fe2+, as indicated by increases in biomass and nutrient contents”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium supply reduced ferrous iron translocation from roots to shoots, especially upper leaves.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Proper K supplye0
- Outcome
- translocation of Fe2+ from roots to shootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- especially to the upper leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proper K supply reduced translocation of Fe2+ from roots to shoots, especially to the upper leaves”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium supply significantly increased phosphorus.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- K supplye0
- Outcome
- Phosphoruse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorus, which is antagonistic to Fe2+, was significantly increased by K supply”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed potassium amelioration partly to antagonism of iron absorption and translocation.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ke0
- Outcome
- Ameliorating effects of Ke0
- Qualifier
- antagonistic effect of K on Fe absorption and translocation to shootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ameliorating effects of K may be attributed to the antagonistic effect of K on Fe absorption and translocation to shoots, especially to upper leaves, and to the improvement of plant nutritional status”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed potassium amelioration partly to improved plant nutritional status.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ke0
- Outcome
- Ameliorating effects of Ke0
- Qualifier
- improvement of plant nutritional statuse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ameliorating effects of K may be attributed to the antagonistic effect of K on Fe absorption and translocation to shoots, especially to upper leaves, and to the improvement of plant nutritional status”
t0“HYBRID RICE”
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