Abstract
In a study of the ozone-induced needle blight of eastern white pine in central New York, acute injuries naturally induced on field trees during a year of relatively low ozone concentrations (1 966) were compared with injuries induced during a year of higher concentrations (1967). Injuries were more frequent and severe and were associated with higher mean ozone concentrations in 1967 than in 1966. Characteristic symptoms were induced on foliage of pine branches exposed to controlled doses of ozone as low as 7 ± 1 pphm for four hours or 3 ± 1 pphm for 48 hours. Such doses were equalled or exceeded two and four times, respectively, in the field during the 1 967 season. Ozone sensitivity of pine needle tissue was increased by fumigation in atmospheres containing water mist. High concentrations of ozone (40-60 pphm) caused general injury of foliage of both ozone-susceptible and resistant trees; the symptoms were unlike those found in the field or caused by fumigation with low concentrations of ozone.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone injuries to Pinus strobus were more frequent and severe in 1967 than in 1966
- Taxon
- Pinus Strobus
_-_Killarney%2C_Ontario_01.jpg?width=60)
Pinus strobust0 - Treatment
- higher mean ozone concentrationse1
- Outcome
- Injuriese1
- Direction
- more frequent and severee1
- Comparator
- 1966e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Killarney%2C_Ontario_01.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Ozone Injury to Pinus Strobus”
e1“Injuries were more frequent and severe and were associated with higher mean ozone concentrations in 1967 than in 1966”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone at 7 ± 1 pphm for four hours induced characteristic symptoms on pine foliage
- Taxon
- Pinus StrobusPinus strobust0
- Treatment
- controlled doses of ozonee2
- Outcome
- Characteristic symptomse2
- Direction
- inducede2
- Value
- 7 ± 1 pphm for four hourse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ozone Injury to Pinus Strobus”
e2“Characteristic symptoms were induced on foliage of pine branches exposed to controlled doses of ozone as low as 7 ± 1 pphm for four hours or 3 ± 1 pphm for 48 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone at 3 ± 1 pphm for 48 hours induced characteristic symptoms on pine foliage
- Taxon
- Pinus StrobusPinus strobust0
- Treatment
- controlled doses of ozonee2
- Outcome
- Characteristic symptomse2
- Direction
- inducede2
- Value
- 3 ± 1 pphm for 48 hourse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ozone Injury to Pinus Strobus”
e2“Characteristic symptoms were induced on foliage of pine branches exposed to controlled doses of ozone as low as 7 ± 1 pphm for four hours or 3 ± 1 pphm for 48 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Field ozone doses equalled or exceeded the injury doses two and four times
- Taxon
- Pinus StrobusPinus strobust0
- Outcome
- Such dosese3
- Value
- two and four timese3
- Qualifier
- during the 1967 seasone3
- Setting
- in the fielde3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ozone Injury to Pinus Strobus”
e3“Such doses were equalled or exceeded two and four times, respectively, in the field during the 1967 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation with water mist increased ozone sensitivity of pine needle tissue
- Taxon
- Pinus StrobusPinus strobust0
- Organ / stage
- pine needle tissuee4
- Treatment
- fumigation in atmospheres containing water miste4
- Outcome
- Ozone sensitivitye4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ozone Injury to Pinus Strobus”
e4“Ozone sensitivity of pine needle tissue was increased by fumigation in atmospheres containing water mist”
Claim · model-written summary
High ozone concentrations caused general foliar injury in both susceptible and resistant trees
- Taxon
- Pinus StrobusPinus strobust0
- Organ / stage
- foliagee5
- Treatment
- High concentrations of ozone (40-60 pphm)e5
- Outcome
- general injury of foliagee5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ozone Injury to Pinus Strobus”
e5“High concentrations of ozone (40-60 pphm) caused general injury of foliage of both ozone-susceptible and resistant trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptoms from high ozone doses were unlike field symptoms or those from low-dose fumigation
- Taxon
- Pinus StrobusPinus strobust0
- Outcome
- symptomse6
- Qualifier
- unlike those found in the fielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Ozone Injury to Pinus Strobus”
e6“the symptoms were unlike those found in the field or caused by fumigation with low concentrations of ozone”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · crop injury · Pinus strobus (Eastern white pine)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
ozone · disease · Pinus strobus (Eastern white pine)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.