Abstract
Plants grown in Norwegian greenhouses during winter synthesise low amounts of anthocyanins and flavonols (colourless flavonoids). Higher content of anthocyanins enhances the red colour in lettuce and improves the external quality and marketability of the product. The flavonoids may also benefit consumer health due to their anti-oxidative and presumed anti-carcinogenic effects. The effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation given by UV-B tubes (Q-panel UV 313) and by standard cool white fluorescent tubes (Philips Master TL-D 36W/840) on flavonol and anthocyanin synthesis in lettuce cv. Lollo Rosso (Carmoli) were studied. The aim was to increase the content of flavonoids without reducing the fresh weight of the plant. Cool white fluorescent tubes induced high amounts of flavonoids in the plants during a five-day experimental period, with no growth reduction. The highest doses of UV-B from the UV-B tubes resulted in higher flavonoid synthesis, but with some growth reduction. The increase in flavonoids was highest in the first two to three days. The kinetics of flavonoid accumulation were measured with the chlorophyll fluorescence excitation ratio (FER) method using a portable multiple wavelength fluorometer. The accumulation of flavonoids can be rapidly and frequently measured with this non-destructive FER method. The FER method can easily be used by cultivators to get an estimate of the flavonol and anthocyanin content that may contribute to the nutritional value and marketability.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cool white fluorescent tubes induced high amounts of flavonoids in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae1 - Material
- Lollo Rosso (Carmoli)e1
- Treatment
- Cool white fluorescent tubese3
- Outcome
- amounts of flavonoidse3
- Direction
- induced highe3
- Setting
- Norwegian greenhousese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“lettuce cv. Lollo Rosso (Carmoli)”
e2“Plants grown in Norwegian greenhouses during winter”
e3“Cool white fluorescent tubes induced high amounts of flavonoids in the plants during a five-day experimental period, with no growth reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Cool white fluorescent tubes caused no growth reduction in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- Cool white fluorescent tubese3
- Outcome
- growthe3
- Direction
- no growth reductione3
- Setting
- Norwegian greenhousese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“lettuce cv. Lollo Rosso (Carmoli)”
e2“Plants grown in Norwegian greenhouses during winter”
e3“Cool white fluorescent tubes induced high amounts of flavonoids in the plants during a five-day experimental period, with no growth reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest UV-B doses from the UV-B tubes resulted in higher flavonoid synthesis in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- highest doses of UV-B from the UV-B tubese3
- Outcome
- flavonoid synthesise3
- Direction
- highere3
- Setting
- Norwegian greenhousese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“lettuce cv. Lollo Rosso (Carmoli)”
e2“Plants grown in Norwegian greenhouses during winter”
e3“The highest doses of UV-B from the UV-B tubes resulted in higher flavonoid synthesis, but with some growth reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest UV-B doses from the UV-B tubes caused some growth reduction in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- highest doses of UV-B from the UV-B tubese3
- Outcome
- growthe3
- Direction
- some growth reductione3
- Setting
- Norwegian greenhousese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“lettuce cv. Lollo Rosso (Carmoli)”
e2“Plants grown in Norwegian greenhouses during winter”
e3“The highest doses of UV-B from the UV-B tubes resulted in higher flavonoid synthesis, but with some growth reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in flavonoids in lettuce was highest in the first two to three days.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Outcome
- increase in flavonoidse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Qualifier
- first two to three dayse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“lettuce cv. Lollo Rosso (Carmoli)”
e3“The increase in flavonoids was highest in the first two to three days”
Claim · model-written summary
The chlorophyll fluorescence excitation ratio method measures flavonoid accumulation rapidly, frequently and non-destructively.
- Outcome
- accumulation of flavonoidse3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“The accumulation of flavonoids can be rapidly and frequently measured with this non-destructive FER method”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the FER method for growers to estimate flavonol and anthocyanin content.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Outcome
- estimate of the flavonol and anthocyanin contente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“lettuce cv. Lollo Rosso (Carmoli)”
e3“The FER method can easily be used by cultivators to get an estimate of the flavonol and anthocyanin content”
The same questions in other papers
uv · quality: phytochemicals · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Results differ
23 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →uv · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Results differ
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.