Abstract
In a long-term experiment on a mollisol in North India, the availability of Ca, Mg and S nutrients was enhanced under integrated nutrient management (INM) conditions, but depleted in the case of continuous rice-wheat-cowpea cropping for 28 years without nutrient input (control), suggesting the need for the regular estimation of these macronutrients in soils under intensive cropping. The soil was still able to supply crop needs for Ca and Mg, but the soil became S-deficient (8.9 mg kg −1 ) when S-free diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer was applied. Its availability increased 5-fold (45.3 mg kg −1 ) after the application of S-containing single superphosphate (SSP) fertilizer and improved further when this was combined with farmyard manure (FYM) in an INM system. The wheat response to S was 0.36 and 0.45 t ha −1 for the grain and straw yields, respectively. The highest removal of Ca, Mg and S was observed with INM (21.36, 27.52 and 13.38 kg ha −1 , respectively) and the lowest in the unfertilized control.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated nutrient management enhanced Ca, Mg and S availability.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- integrated nutrient management (INM)e0
- Outcome
- availability of Ca, Mg and S nutrientse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the availability of Ca, Mg and S nutrients was enhanced under integrated nutrient management (INM) conditions”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty-eight years without nutrient input depleted Ca, Mg and S availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- continuous rice-wheat-cowpea cropping for 28 years without nutrient inpute0
- Outcome
- Ca, Mg and S nutrientse1
- Direction
- depletede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“depleted in the case of continuous rice-wheat-cowpea cropping for 28 years without nutrient input (control)”
t0“wheat”
e1“the availability of Ca, Mg and S nutrients was enhanced under integrated nutrient management (INM) conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
S-free DAP left the soil S-deficient at 8.9 mg kg −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- S-free diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizere0
- Outcome
- soil became S-deficiente0
- Direction
- S-deficiente0
- Value
- 8.9 mg kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil became S-deficient (8.9 mg kg −1 ) when S-free diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer was applied”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SSP increased S availability fivefold to 45.3 mg kg −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- S-containing single superphosphate (SSP) fertilizere0
- Outcome
- availabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 45.3 mg kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Its availability increased 5-fold (45.3 mg kg −1 ) after the application of S-containing single superphosphate (SSP) fertilizer”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding FYM to SSP improved S availability further.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- farmyard manure (FYM)e0
- Outcome
- availabilitye1
- Direction
- improved furthere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved further when this was combined with farmyard manure (FYM) in an INM system”
t0“wheat”
e1“the availability of Ca, Mg and S nutrients was enhanced under integrated nutrient management (INM) conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat grain yield response to S was 0.36 t ha −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Se0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- responsee0
- Value
- 0.36e0
- Qualifier
- t ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The wheat response to S was 0.36 and 0.45 t ha −1 for the grain and straw yields, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw yield response to S was 0.45 t ha −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Se0
- Outcome
- straw yieldse0
- Direction
- responsee0
- Value
- 0.45 t ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The wheat response to S was 0.36 and 0.45 t ha −1 for the grain and straw yields, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
INM had the highest Ca, Mg and S removal.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- INMe0
- Outcome
- removal of Ca, Mg and Se0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest removal of Ca, Mg and S was observed with INM (21.36, 27.52 and 13.38 kg ha −1 , respectively) and the lowest in the unfertilized control.”
t0“wheat”
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See all 959 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.