Abstract
In general, increasing the concentration of one cation species in soil solution can decrease levels of other cations in plants. It is not clear whether adjusting soil cation ratios or adding gypsum will improve plant growth. We studied the effect of adding gypsum to unleached soil, and the effect of changing soil-exchangeable Ca/Mg ratios on corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations. Soil-exchangeable Ca/Mg ratios (8.0, 4.9, 1.8, 0.7, and 0.5) were obtained by leaching soil with Ca and Mg chloride, followed by leaching with Ca and Mg sulfate to remove chloride. An unleached soil treated with gypsum and an untreated control soil were also included. Corn plants were grown for 23 days in a replicated greenhouse experiment. Exchangeable Ca/Mg ratios did not substantially affect root and shoot growth in the leached soils, nor did gypsum addition to the unleached soil. However, growth in the leached soils was less than that in the unleached soils, probably because of removal of K in the leaching process. Shoots from plants from treatments with lower leached Ca/Mg ratios had less Ca and more Mg but showed no consistent changes in K. Addition of gypsum to unleached soil decreased P, increased K and Ca, and did not affect N and Mg concentrations in shoots.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Exchangeable Ca/Mg ratios did not substantially affect corn root and shoot growth.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- Exchangeable Ca/Mg ratiose0
- Outcome
- root and shoot growthe0
- Direction
- did not substantially affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exchangeable Ca/Mg ratios did not substantially affect root and shoot growth in the leached soils, nor did gypsum addition to the unleached soil.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum addition did not substantially affect corn root and shoot growth.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- gypsum additione0
- Outcome
- root and shoot growthe0
- Direction
- did not substantially affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exchangeable Ca/Mg ratios did not substantially affect root and shoot growth in the leached soils, nor did gypsum addition to the unleached soil.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn growth was lower in leached than unleached soils.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- leached soilse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Comparator
- unleached soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, growth in the leached soils was less than that in the unleached soils, probably because of removal of K in the leaching process.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower leached Ca/Mg ratios were associated with less shoot Ca.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- lower leached Ca/Mg ratiose0
- Outcome
- Cae0
- Direction
- lesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoots from plants from treatments with lower leached Ca/Mg ratios had less Ca and more Mg but showed no consistent changes in K.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower leached Ca/Mg ratios were associated with more shoot Mg.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- lower leached Ca/Mg ratiose0
- Outcome
- Mge0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoots from plants from treatments with lower leached Ca/Mg ratios had less Ca and more Mg but showed no consistent changes in K.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower leached Ca/Mg ratios showed no consistent changes in shoot K.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- lower leached Ca/Mg ratiose0
- Outcome
- Ke0
- Direction
- no consistent changese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoots from plants from treatments with lower leached Ca/Mg ratios had less Ca and more Mg but showed no consistent changes in K.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum addition decreased shoot P.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Addition of gypsum to unleached soile0
- Outcome
- Pe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of gypsum to unleached soil decreased P, increased K and Ca, and did not affect N and Mg concentrations in shoots.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum addition increased shoot K and Ca.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Addition of gypsum to unleached soile0
- Outcome
- K and Cae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of gypsum to unleached soil decreased P, increased K and Ca, and did not affect N and Mg concentrations in shoots.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum addition did not affect shoot N and Mg.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Addition of gypsum to unleached soile0
- Outcome
- N and Mg concentrations in shootse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of gypsum to unleached soil decreased P, increased K and Ca, and did not affect N and Mg concentrations in shoots.”
e1“corn root and shoot growth and nutrient concentrations.”
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