Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa L.) plants of Texas Grano 502, Local Red, and Local White cultivars were grown either from seeds in seed-to-seed method or from sets (bulbil with 1.5-2.0 cm indiameter) in set-to-seed method. The plants were sprayed three times (a week interval) with rose water (contained terpene alcohols) at the stage of opening of 5% of inflorescence flowers during 1997 and 1998 growing seasons. A wide range of insect species visited the umbels of rose water sprayed plants, mainly honeybee (Apis mellifera L.), blowfly (Caliphora vomitoria L.), and housefly (Musca domestica L.), and spraying vegetative part, inflorescence or whole plant revealed similarattractiveness to the insects. Spraying rose water also extended the touch time of the insects on the umbel from 4.5 seconds for untreated to 11.5 seconds for treated plants resulting in a higher percentage of flower set and lower number of aborted flowers in all tested cultivars. Among the plants part treated, the sprayed inflorescence had higher number of seeds (capsule-1) and higherpercentage of seed yield increase (46.1% and 43.8% for Texas Grano 502, 59.5% and 35.6% for Local Red, and 64.8% and 43.1% for Local White cultivars in 1997 and 1998 seasons respectively). A comparison between planting methods, set-to-seed produced greater seed yields compared to seed-to-seed method in all tested cultivars and may be as high as that produced from mother bulb-toseedmethod used by other authors. However, cultivars responded to the rose water spray variably and were affected by planting method. Texas Grano 502 plants had highest seed yield (634 and 1207 Kg. ha-1) when vegetative part in the set-to-seed method was sprayed; whereas spraying the inflorescence in the seed-to-seed method had the greatest seed yield. In Local White cultivar, the highest seed yield (410 and 1199 Kg. ha-1) was achieved when the inflorescence in the set-to-seed plants was treated, whereas, spraying vegetative part with rose water in the seed-to-seed method produced the highest seed yield (359 and 594 Kg. ha-1). Spraying whole plant (1997) or inflorescence (1998) of set-to-seed plants of Local Red had the highest seed yield (890 and 1160 Kg. ha-1 respectively), whereas, in the seed-to-seed method, spraying the vegetative part with rosewater produced more seed yield (562 and 502 Kg. ha-1).
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Rose-water-treated umbels attracted diverse insects, chiefly three named species.
- Taxon
- Onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- rose watere0
- Interactor
- honeybee (Apis mellifera L.)
_Apis_mellifera_(female)_-_on_viburnum_tinus_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Apis melliferae0pollinator - Second interactor
- blowfly (Caliphora vomitoria L.)Calliphoridaee0pollinator
- Outcome
- A wide range of insect species visited the umbelse0
- Qualifier
- housefly (Musca domestica L.)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Apis_mellifera_(female)_-_on_viburnum_tinus_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A wide range of insect species visited the umbels of rose water sprayed plants, mainly honeybee (Apis mellifera L.), blowfly (Caliphora vomitoria L.), and housefly (Musca domestica L.)”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying different plant parts gave similar insect attractiveness.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- spraying vegetative part, inflorescence or whole plante0
- Outcome
- similarattractiveness to the insectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying vegetative part, inflorescence or whole plant revealed similarattractiveness to the insects”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rose-water spray extended insect contact time from 4.5 to 11.5 seconds.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Spraying rose watere0
- Outcome
- touch time of the insects on the umbele0
- Direction
- extendede0
- Value
- 11.5 secondse0
- Qualifier
- 4.5 secondse0
- Comparator
- untreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying rose water also extended the touch time of the insects on the umbel from 4.5 seconds for untreated to 11.5 seconds for treated plants”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rose-water spray increased flower set across cultivars.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- rose watere1
- Outcome
- flower sete0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreatede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in a higher percentage of flower set and lower number of aborted flowers in all tested cultivars”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“Spraying rose water also extended the touch time of the insects on the umbel from 4.5 seconds for untreated to 11.5 seconds for treated plants”
e2“Spraying rose water also extended the touch time of the insects on the umbel from 4.5 seconds for untreated to 11.5 seconds for treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rose-water spray reduced aborted flowers across cultivars.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- rose watere1
- Outcome
- aborted flowerse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- untreatede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in a higher percentage of flower set and lower number of aborted flowers in all tested cultivars”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“Spraying rose water also extended the touch time of the insects on the umbel from 4.5 seconds for untreated to 11.5 seconds for treated plants”
e2“Spraying rose water also extended the touch time of the insects on the umbel from 4.5 seconds for untreated to 11.5 seconds for treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescence spraying produced more seeds per capsule.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- sprayed inflorescencee0
- Outcome
- number of seeds (capsule-1)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sprayed inflorescence had higher number of seeds (capsule-1)”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescence spraying increased Texas Grano 502 seed yield by 46.1% in 1997 and 43.8% in 1998.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Texas Grano 502e0
- Outcome
- seed yield increasee1
- Value
- 46.1% and 43.8%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“46.1% and 43.8% for Texas Grano 502”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“higherpercentage of seed yield increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescence spraying increased Local Red seed yield by 59.5% and 35.6% across the two seasons.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Local Rede0
- Outcome
- seed yield increasee1
- Value
- 59.5% and 35.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“59.5% and 35.6% for Local Red”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“higherpercentage of seed yield increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescence spraying increased Local White seed yield by 64.8% and 43.1% across the two seasons.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Local Whitee0
- Outcome
- seed yield increasee1
- Value
- 64.8% and 43.1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“64.8% and 43.1% for Local White”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“higherpercentage of seed yield increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Set-to-seed cultivation yielded more seed than seed-to-seed across cultivars.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- set-to-seede0
- Outcome
- seed yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- seed-to-seed methode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“set-to-seed produced greater seed yields compared to seed-to-seed method in all tested cultivars”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rose-water response varied by cultivar and planting method.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- rose water spraye0
- Outcome
- respondede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivars responded to the rose water spray variably and were affected by planting method”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Texas Grano 502 had maximum set-to-seed yields of 634 and 1207 Kg. ha-1 with vegetative-part spraying.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Texas Grano 502e0
- Treatment
- vegetative part in the set-to-seed method was sprayede0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 634 and 1207 Kg. ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Texas Grano 502 plants had highest seed yield (634 and 1207 Kg. ha-1) when vegetative part in the set-to-seed method was sprayed”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescence spraying gave Texas Grano 502 greatest seed yield under seed-to-seed cultivation.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- spraying the inflorescence in the seed-to-seed methode0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- greateste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying the inflorescence in the seed-to-seed method had the greatest seed yield”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Local White yielded 410 and 1199 Kg. ha-1 at its set-to-seed maximum under inflorescence treatment.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Local Whitee1
- Treatment
- inflorescence in the set-to-seed plants was treatede0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 410 and 1199 Kg. ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest seed yield (410 and 1199 Kg. ha-1) was achieved when the inflorescence in the set-to-seed plants was treated”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“Onion (Allium cepa L.) plants of Texas Grano 502, Local Red, and Local White cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative-part rose-water spray produced Local White maximum seed-to-seed yields of 359 and 594 Kg. ha-1.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Local Whitee1
- Treatment
- spraying vegetative part with rose water in the seed-to-seed methode0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 359 and 594 Kg. ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying vegetative part with rose water in the seed-to-seed method produced the highest seed yield (359 and 594 Kg. ha-1)”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“Onion (Allium cepa L.) plants of Texas Grano 502, Local Red, and Local White cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
For Local Red, whole-plant spray in 1997 yielded 890 Kg. ha-1.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Local Rede0
- Treatment
- Spraying whole plant (1997)e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 890e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying whole plant (1997) or inflorescence (1998) of set-to-seed plants of Local Red had the highest seed yield (890 and 1160 Kg. ha-1 respectively)”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
For Local Red, inflorescence spray in 1998 yielded 1160 Kg. ha-1.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Local Rede0
- Treatment
- inflorescence (1998)e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1160 Kg. ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying whole plant (1997) or inflorescence (1998) of set-to-seed plants of Local Red had the highest seed yield (890 and 1160 Kg. ha-1 respectively)”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
For Local Red seed-to-seed plants, vegetative-part spray yielded 562 and 502 Kg. ha-1.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Material
- Local Rede1
- Treatment
- spraying the vegetative part with rosewatere0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 562 and 502 Kg. ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying the vegetative part with rosewater produced more seed yield (562 and 502 Kg. ha-1)”
t0“ONION, (ALLIUM CEPA L.)”
e1“Onion (Allium cepa L.) plants of Texas Grano 502, Local Red, and Local White cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
application · pest · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.