Abstract
Improved crop and N management practices are needed to increase soil N storage so that N fertilization rate and the potential for N leaching can be reduced in tilled and nontilled soils. We examined the influence of cover crops and N fertilization rates on N inputs from cover crops, cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and soil total N (STN) content at the 0‐ to 120‐cm depth in no‐tilled, strip‐tilled, and chisel‐tilled Dothan sandy loam (fine‐loamy, kaolinitic, thermic, Plinthic Kandiudults) from 2000 to 2002 in central Georgia. Cover crops were legume [hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa Roth)], nonlegume [rye ( Secale cereale L.)], biculture of legume and nonlegume (vetch + rye), and winter weeds and N fertilization rates were 0, 60 to 65, and 120 to 130 kg N ha −1 . Nitrogen inputs in above‐ and belowground plant biomass varied with the season and were greater in vetch and vetch + rye with N rates than in rye and weeds with or without N in tilled and nontilled soils. The STN concentration varied with sampling times and decreased with depth. The STN content at 0 to 90 cm was greater in vetch and vetch + rye with N rates than in weeds with or without N in no‐tilled and chisel‐tilled soils. Similarly, STN content at 0 to 30 cm was greater with vetch and vetch + rye than with weeds in strip‐tilled soil. As a result, N storage at 0 to 30 cm gained at 71 to 108 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in vetch and vetch + rye with N fertilization compared with a loss at 110 kg N ha −1 yr −1 to a gain at 40 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in weeds with or without N fertilization in no‐tilled and chisel‐tilled soils. In strip‐tilled soil, N storage gained at 101 to 103 kg N ha −1 yr −1 with vetch and vetch + rye compared with a loss at 91 kg N ha −1 yr −1 with weeds. Nitrogen storage in tilled and nontilled soils can be increased by using legume or a biculture of legume and nonlegume cover crops compared with no cover crop with or without N fertilization. Because of similar levels of soil N storage and cotton and sorghum N uptake, legume can be replaced by biculture cover crop and N fertilization rate can be reduced to reduce the cost of N fertilization and the potential for N leaching.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Plant biomass nitrogen inputs were greater with vetch and vetch plus rye than rye or weeds.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Treatment
- vetch and vetch + rye with N ratese0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen inputs in above‐ and belowground plant biomasse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- rye and weeds with or without Ne0
- Setting
- tilled and nontilled soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen inputs in above‐ and belowground plant biomass varied with the season and were greater in vetch and vetch + rye with N rates than in rye and weeds with or without N in tilled and nontilled soils”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil total N concentration varied by sampling time and decreased with depth.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The STN concentration varied with sampling times and decreased with depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N at 0 to 90 cm was greater with vetch or vetch plus rye and N than weeds in no-till and chisel-till.
- Treatment
- vetch and vetch + rye with N ratese0
- Outcome
- STN content at 0 to 90 cme0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- weeds with or without Ne0
- Setting
- no‐tilled and chisel‐tilled soilse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The STN content at 0 to 90 cm was greater in vetch and vetch + rye with N rates than in weeds with or without N in no‐tilled and chisel‐tilled soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N at 0 to 30 cm was greater with vetch or mixed cover crop than weeds in strip tillage.
- Treatment
- vetch and vetch + ryee0
- Outcome
- STN content at 0 to 30 cme0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- weedse0
- Setting
- strip‐tilled soile0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“STN content at 0 to 30 cm was greater with vetch and vetch + rye than with weeds in strip‐tilled soil”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till and chisel-till N storage gained 71 to 108 kg N ha −1 yr −1 with vetch or mixed cover crops and N.
- Treatment
- vetch and vetch + rye with N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- N storage at 0 to 30 cme0
- Direction
- gainede0
- Value
- 71 to 108 kg N ha −1 yr −1e0
- Comparator
- weeds with or without N fertilizatione0
- Setting
- no‐tilled and chisel‐tilled soilse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“N storage at 0 to 30 cm gained at 71 to 108 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in vetch and vetch + rye with N fertilization compared with a loss at 110 kg N ha −1 yr −1 to a gain at 40 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in weeds with or without N fertilization in no‐tilled and chisel‐tilled soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Strip-till N storage gained 101 to 103 kg N ha −1 yr −1 with vetch or mixed cover crops.
- Treatment
- vetch and vetch + ryee0
- Outcome
- N storagee0
- Direction
- gainede0
- Value
- 101 to 103 kg N ha −1 yr −1e0
- Comparator
- weedse0
- Setting
- strip‐tilled soile0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“In strip‐tilled soil, N storage gained at 101 to 103 kg N ha −1 yr −1 with vetch and vetch + rye compared with a loss at 91 kg N ha −1 yr −1 with weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume or mixed cover crops increased soil nitrogen storage compared with no cover crop.
- Treatment
- legume or a biculture of legume and nonlegume cover cropse0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen storagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- no cover crop with or without N fertilizatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen storage in tilled and nontilled soils can be increased by using legume or a biculture of legume and nonlegume cover crops compared with no cover crop with or without N fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose replacing legume cover crop with biculture and reducing N fertilization.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- legume can be replaced by biculture cover crop and N fertilization rate can be reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume can be replaced by biculture cover crop and N fertilization rate can be reduced”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · nutrient: content · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
70 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
75 papers more in this group
See all 79 papers →nitrogen · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
128 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
149 papers more in this group
See all 153 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.