Abstract
Effects of photoperiod and temperature on vegetative growth of seedling populations and clones of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) originating from various latitudes (58°48′–69°54′N) and altitudes (up to 1100 m above sea level) were studied in a phytotron. Dry matter production, stolon elongation, petiole elongation and leaf lamina size were enhanced by long photoperiod. The requirement for long photoperiod increased with decreasing temperature. At 6°C the maximum growth was recorded under 24‐h daylength. At 18°C already an increase in photoperiod from 12 to 15 h significantly enhanced growth, and maximum growth was obtained at 21‐h photoperiod. The studied populations responded similarly to daylength, and the results did not indicate photoperiodic ecotypes in the material. The southernmost clones and populations generally had the highest dry matter production at all temperature treatments (6–18°C). Variation between clones within one location was, however, significant, and rapidly growing clones were found also in high‐latitude locations. Dry matter production was poorly correlated with the morphological characters observed, but in some cases significant correlation with leaf lamina size was found.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Long photoperiod enhanced dry matter production, stolon elongation and petiole elongation in white clover.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repenst0 - Treatment
- long photoperiode0
- Outcome
- Dry matter production, stolon elongation, petiole elongatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter production, stolon elongation, petiole elongation and leaf lamina size were enhanced by long photoperiod”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Long photoperiod enhanced leaf lamina size.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- long photoperiode0
- Outcome
- leaf lamina sizee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf lamina size were enhanced by long photoperiod”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
The requirement for long photoperiod increased as temperature decreased.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- decreasing temperaturee0
- Outcome
- requirement for long photoperiode0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The requirement for long photoperiod increased with decreasing temperature”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6°C maximum growth occurred under 24-hour daylength.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- 24‐h daylengthe0
- Outcome
- maximum growthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Setting
- 6°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 6°C the maximum growth was recorded under 24‐h daylength”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 18°C, increasing photoperiod from 12 to 15 hours significantly enhanced growth.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- 15 he0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- At 18°Ce0
- Comparator
- 12e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 18°C already an increase in photoperiod from 12 to 15 h significantly enhanced growth”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 18°C maximum growth was obtained with a 21-hour photoperiod.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- 21‐h photoperiode0
- Outcome
- maximum growthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- At 18°Ce1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum growth was obtained at 21‐h photoperiod”
e1“At 18°C already an increase in photoperiod from 12 to 15 h significantly enhanced growth”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Populations responded similarly to daylength, with no indication of photoperiodic ecotypes.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Outcome
- responded similarly to daylengthe0
- Direction
- similarlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The studied populations responded similarly to daylength, and the results did not indicate photoperiodic ecotypes in the material”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Southernmost clones and populations generally had the highest dry matter production at all temperature treatments.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- southernmost clones and populationse0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- at all temperature treatments (6–18°C)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The southernmost clones and populations generally had the highest dry matter production at all temperature treatments (6–18°C)”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Variation between clones from one location was significant, including fast-growing clones at high latitude.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Outcome
- Variation between clones within one locatione0
- Qualifier
- rapidly growing clones were found also in high‐latitude locationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variation between clones within one location was, however, significant, and rapidly growing clones were found also in high‐latitude locations”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter production correlated poorly with morphological characters.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Organ / stage
- morphological characterse0
- Outcome
- Dry matter productione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter production was poorly correlated with the morphological characters observed”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
Claim · model-written summary
In some cases dry matter production was significantly correlated with leaf lamina size.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repenst0
- Organ / stage
- leaf lamina sizee0
- Outcome
- Dry matter productione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but in some cases significant correlation with leaf lamina size was found”
e1“Dry matter production was poorly correlated with the morphological characters observed”
t0“white clover (Trifolium repens)”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 5 papers →light · growth · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.