Abstract
SUMMARY Applications of nitrogen and a plant growth regulator (mepiquat chloride and ethephon) were used to manipulate stem structure and induce differing degrees of damage due to leaning and lodging in six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87. Weighted incidences of leaning and lodging were combined to give an index indicating damage susceptibility of the cultivars. The index was very high (70) in Pipkin and ranged between 1 and 18 in the other cultivars. Differences between cultivars in number of internodes, plant height and stem weight did not explain their differences in resistance to damage. However, dry weight per unit length ranged from 2·35 and 2·34 mg/mm in the strongest cultivars, Panda and Jennifer, respectively, to 1·75 mg/mm in the weakest cultivar, Pipkin. Nitrogen application increased plant height but did not affect dry weight/main stem, so that dry weight/unit length of stem decreased. The growth regulator treatments reduced plant height and although dry weight/stem did not decrease significantly, dry weight/unit length of stem was similar in treated and untreated plots. Dry weight/unit length has potential as an objective indicator of straw strength in winter barley cultivars and could be used in cultivar evaluation in the absence of damage in field trials.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pipkin had a very high lodging damage susceptibility index (70), while the other cultivars ranged from 1 to 18.
- Taxon
- winter barley
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Hordeum vulgaree0 - Material
- Pipkine1
- Outcome
- indexe1
- Value
- 70e1
- Qualifier
- ranged between 1 and 18 in the other cultivarse1
- Setting
- Belfast, UKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e1“The index was very high (70) in Pipkin and ranged between 1 and 18 in the other cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences between cultivars in number of internodes, plant height and stem weight did not explain their differences in resistance to damage.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- cultivarse2
- Outcome
- resistance to damagee2
- Direction
- did not explaine2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e2“Differences between cultivars in number of internodes, plant height and stem weight did not explain their differences in resistance to damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Panda had dry weight per unit length of 2·35 mg/mm, among the strongest cultivars.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Pandae3
- Outcome
- dry weight per unit lengthe3
- Value
- 2·35e3
- Qualifier
- strongest cultivarse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e3“dry weight per unit length ranged from 2·35 and 2·34 mg/mm in the strongest cultivars, Panda and Jennifer, respectively, to 1·75 mg/mm in the weakest cultivar, Pipkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Jennifer had dry weight per unit length of 2·34 mg/mm, among the strongest cultivars.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Jennifere3
- Outcome
- dry weight per unit lengthe3
- Value
- 2·34e3
- Qualifier
- strongest cultivarse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e3“dry weight per unit length ranged from 2·35 and 2·34 mg/mm in the strongest cultivars, Panda and Jennifer, respectively, to 1·75 mg/mm in the weakest cultivar, Pipkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Pipkin had dry weight per unit length of 1·75 mg/mm, the lowest among the cultivars.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Pipkine3
- Outcome
- dry weight per unit lengthe3
- Value
- 1·75 mg/mme3
- Qualifier
- weakest cultivare3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e3“dry weight per unit length ranged from 2·35 and 2·34 mg/mm in the strongest cultivars, Panda and Jennifer, respectively, to 1·75 mg/mm in the weakest cultivar, Pipkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased plant height.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione4
- Outcome
- plant heighte4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Setting
- Belfast, UKe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e4“Nitrogen application increased plant height but did not affect dry weight/main stem, so that dry weight/unit length of stem decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application did not affect dry weight per main stem.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione4
- Outcome
- dry weight/main steme4
- Direction
- did not affecte4
- Setting
- Belfast, UKe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e4“Nitrogen application increased plant height but did not affect dry weight/main stem, so that dry weight/unit length of stem decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application decreased dry weight per unit length of stem.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione4
- Outcome
- dry weight/unit length of steme4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Setting
- Belfast, UKe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e4“Nitrogen application increased plant height but did not affect dry weight/main stem, so that dry weight/unit length of stem decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth regulator treatments reduced plant height.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- mepiquat chloride and ethephone6
- Outcome
- plant heighte5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e5“The growth regulator treatments reduced plant height and although dry weight/stem did not decrease significantly, dry weight/unit length of stem was similar in treated and untreated plots”
e6“Applications of nitrogen and a plant growth regulator (mepiquat chloride and ethephon) were used to manipulate stem structure”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth regulator treatments did not significantly decrease dry weight per stem.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- mepiquat chloride and ethephone6
- Outcome
- dry weight/steme5
- Direction
- did not decrease significantlye5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e5“The growth regulator treatments reduced plant height and although dry weight/stem did not decrease significantly, dry weight/unit length of stem was similar in treated and untreated plots”
e6“Applications of nitrogen and a plant growth regulator (mepiquat chloride and ethephon) were used to manipulate stem structure”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weight per unit length of stem was similar in growth-regulator-treated and untreated plots.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- mepiquat chloride and ethephone6
- Outcome
- dry weight/unit length of steme5
- Direction
- similare5
- Comparator
- untreated plotse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six cultivars of winter barley grown in Belfast, UK, in 1986/87”
e5“The growth regulator treatments reduced plant height and although dry weight/stem did not decrease significantly, dry weight/unit length of stem was similar in treated and untreated plots”
e6“Applications of nitrogen and a plant growth regulator (mepiquat chloride and ethephon) were used to manipulate stem structure”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weight per unit length has potential as an objective indicator of straw strength and could be used in cultivar evaluation in the absence of damage in field trials.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree7
- Outcome
- objective indicator of straw strengthe7
- Setting
- field trialse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Dry weight/unit length has potential as an objective indicator of straw strength in winter barley cultivars and could be used in cultivar evaluation in the absence of damage in field trials”
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