Abstract
Delineation of the benefit derived from either surface or subsoil tillage is important for the advancement of soil‐conserving crop production systems in the Coastal Plain. The objective of this experiment was to measure the impact of surface and subsoil tillage of a sandy Coastal Plain soil (fine‐loamy, siliceous, thermic Typic Kandiudult) on grain yield and nitrogen accumulation for a 2‐yr rotation of corn ( Zea mays ) and wheat–double‐cropped soybean {( Triticum aestivum L.) and [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]}. Soils of the experimental plots initially possessed different surface residue and organic matter characteristics because they had received in‐row subsoiling with either surface‐disking tillage or no surface tillage for the previous 18‐consecutive years. The current experiment was conducted from 1997 to 2001, which was an exceptionally dry period. Thus, results of this experiment provide insight into how these cropping and tillage treatments performed during one of the driest 5‐yr periods of the last half century. In each year, both phases of the crop rotation were grown in plots with the following tillage treatments: (i) neither surface nor subsoil tillage, (ii) paratill subsoiling without surface tillage, (iii) surface tillage without subsoiling, and (iv) both surface tillage and paratill subsoiling. Soybean was not significantly affected by any tillage treatment. With subsoiling, corn grain yields (4‐yr means) were not significantly different with surface‐disking tillage versus no surface tillage (4.98 and 4.92 Mg ha −1 , respectively). Without subsoiling, corn yields were higher with no surface tillage (4.24 Mg ha −1 ) than with surface‐disking tillage (3.51 Mg ha −1 ). Likewise, with subsoiling, wheat grain yields (5‐yr means) were not significantly different with surface‐disking tillage versus no surface tillage (3.12 and 3.24 Mg ha −1 , respectively). Without subsoiling, wheat grain yields were higher with no surface tillage (2.80 Mg ha −1 ) than with surface‐disking tillage (2.59 Mg ha −1 ). Nitrogen accumulations in both shoot dry matter and grain generally followed the treatment responses of grain yield. Thus, during this dry period, surface no‐till and the associated accumulation of organic matter could only somewhat compensate for the need to subsoil. With or without surface tillage, paratill subsoiling was very beneficial for corn and wheat yields.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean was not significantly affected by tillage treatment.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- any tillage treatmente0
- Outcome
- Soybean was not significantly affectede0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was not significantly affected by any tillage treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
With subsoiling, corn yield did not significantly differ between surface disking and no surface tillage.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- surface‐disking tillagee0
- Outcome
- corn grain yieldse0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Value
- 4.98 and 4.92 Mg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- With subsoilinge0
- Comparator
- no surface tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With subsoiling, corn grain yields (4‐yr means) were not significantly different with surface‐disking tillage versus no surface tillage (4.98 and 4.92 Mg ha −1 , respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Without subsoiling, corn yield was higher with no surface tillage than with disking.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- no surface tillagee0
- Outcome
- corn yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.24 Mg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- 3.51 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- surface‐disking tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without subsoiling, corn yields were higher with no surface tillage (4.24 Mg ha −1 ) than with surface‐disking tillage (3.51 Mg ha −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
With subsoiling, wheat yield did not significantly differ between surface disking and no surface tillage.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- surface‐disking tillagee0
- Outcome
- wheat grain yieldse0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Value
- 3.12 and 3.24 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- no surface tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with subsoiling, wheat grain yields (5‐yr means) were not significantly different with surface‐disking tillage versus no surface tillage (3.12 and 3.24 Mg ha −1 , respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Without subsoiling, wheat yield was higher with no surface tillage than with disking.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- no surface tillagee0
- Outcome
- wheat grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.80 Mg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- 2.59 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- surface‐disking tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without subsoiling, wheat grain yields were higher with no surface tillage (2.80 Mg ha −1 ) than with surface‐disking tillage (2.59 Mg ha −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and grain nitrogen accumulation generally tracked grain yield responses to tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen accumulations in both shoot dry matter and graine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn ( Zea mays ) and wheat–double‐cropped soybean {( Triticum aestivum L.) and [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]}”
e1“Nitrogen accumulations in both shoot dry matter and grain generally followed the treatment responses of grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude paratill subsoiling was beneficial for corn and wheat yields with or without surface tillage.
- Taxon
- corn and wheatTriticum aestivumZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- paratill subsoiling was very beneficial for corn and wheat yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With or without surface tillage, paratill subsoiling was very beneficial for corn and wheat yields”
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See all 1,414 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.