Abstract
Photosystems of higher plants alleviate heat-induced damage in the presence of light under moderate stressed conditions; however, in the absence of light (i.e., in the dark), the same plants are damaged more easily. (Yamauchi and Kimura, 2011) We demonstrate that regulating photochemical energy transfer in heat-treated wheat at 40 °C with light contributed to heat tolerance of the photosystem. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis using heat-stressed wheat seedlings in light showed increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence, which was due to thermal dissipation that was increased by state 1 to state 2 transition. Transmission electron microscopy revealed structural changes in thylakoid membranes, including unstacking of grana regions under heat stress in light. It was accompanied by the phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins such as D1 and D2 proteins and the light harvesting complex II proteins Lhcb1 and Lhcb2. These results suggest that heat stress at 40 °C in light induces state 1 to state 2 transition for the preferential excitation of photosystem I (PSI) by phosphorylating thylakoid proteins more strongly. Structural changes of thylakoid membrane also assist the remodeling of photosystems and regulation of energy distribution by transition toward state 2 probably contributes to plastoquione oxidation; thus, light-driven electrons flowing through PSI play a protective role against PSII damage under heat stress.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Regulating photochemical energy transfer at 40 °C with light contributed to heat tolerance of the photosystem in wheat
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- at 40 °C with lighte1
- Outcome
- heat tolerance of the photosysteme1
- Direction
- contributed toe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e1“We demonstrate that regulating photochemical energy transfer in heat-treated wheat at 40 °C with light contributed to heat tolerance of the photosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat-stressed wheat seedlings in light showed increased non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse2
- Treatment
- heat-stressede2
- Outcome
- non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescencee2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e2“Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis using heat-stressed wheat seedlings in light showed increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased non-photochemical quenching is attributed to thermal dissipation increased by the state 1 to state 2 transition
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescencee2
- Qualifier
- thermal dissipation that was increased by state 1 to state 2 transitione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e2“Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis using heat-stressed wheat seedlings in light showed increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence”
e3“which was due to thermal dissipation that was increased by state 1 to state 2 transition”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress in light caused structural changes in thylakoid membranes, including unstacking of grana regions
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- thylakoid membranese4
- Outcome
- structural changes in thylakoid membranese4
- Qualifier
- under heat stress in lighte4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e4“Transmission electron microscopy revealed structural changes in thylakoid membranes, including unstacking of grana regions under heat stress in light”
Claim · model-written summary
Structural changes in thylakoid membranes were accompanied by phosphorylation of D1 and D2 proteins
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- D1 and D2 proteinse5
- Outcome
- phosphorylation of thylakoid proteinse5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e5“It was accompanied by the phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins such as D1 and D2 proteins and the light harvesting complex II proteins Lhcb1 and Lhcb2”
Claim · model-written summary
Structural changes in thylakoid membranes were accompanied by phosphorylation of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Lhcb1 and Lhcb2e5
- Outcome
- phosphorylation of thylakoid proteinse5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e5“It was accompanied by the phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins such as D1 and D2 proteins and the light harvesting complex II proteins Lhcb1 and Lhcb2”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress at 40 °C in light may induce state 1 to state 2 transition for preferential excitation of PSI
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- heat stress at 40 °C in lighte6
- Outcome
- state 1 to state 2 transitione6
- Qualifier
- preferential excitation of photosystem I (PSI)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e6“heat stress at 40 °C in light induces state 1 to state 2 transition for the preferential excitation of photosystem I (PSI) by phosphorylating thylakoid proteins more strongly”
Claim · model-written summary
Light-driven electrons flowing through PSI may protect PSII against heat-induced damage
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- heat stresse7
- Outcome
- PSII damagee7
- Qualifier
- light-driven electrons flowing through PSI play a protective rolee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Heat-Stressed Wheat”
e7“light-driven electrons flowing through PSI play a protective role against PSII damage under heat stress”
The same questions in other papers
light · tolerance: abiotic · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.