Abstract
1. A study was made of the effects of four soluble iron compounds, used singly, upon the growth and appearance of soy bean plants grown in three types of culture solutions, continuously renewed and constantly aerated. 2. When the iron supply was adjusted from day to day to meet the requirements, large, healthy, vigorous plants were produced, regardless of the type of culture solution or the iron compound employed. 3. When the available iron supply in the medium is slightly in excess of that actually required, the plants may become chlorotic from failure of iron to reach the leaves in the necessary concentration, or they may show the symptoms characteristic of iron toxicity. 4. Quantitative analyses for iron show that healthy green plants possess lower average percentages of iron, on the dry weight basis, than do chlorotic plants or those suffering from iron toxicity. The iron in healthy green plants, however, although relatively low in concentration, appears to be uniformly distributed throughout the stems and leaves, while the iron content of the chlorotic plants is high in the stems and very low in the leaves, and that of the plants suffering from iron toxicity is high throughout. 5. In order to maintain the plants in the healthy green condition, the supply of soluble iron in the culture solution must be maintained at as low a concentration as possible without inducing chlorosis from lack of available iron. A concentration of soluble iron slightly above this optimum may result in iron toxicity from a high content throughout the plant, or chlorosis may occur due to the lodgment of iron in the roots and stems, thus preventing the distribution of the element to the leaves in amounts sufficient to provide adequately for proper chlorophyll formation. 6. Small additions of available iron to the culture solution as the plant appears to require it tend to produce equal distribution throughout, and to keep it in a healthy green condition. The general appearance of the plant must serve as an index of the iron supply in each case. Definite applications of iron to the culture media at fixed intervals during any given physiological stage of development is not practicable, since the ever changing plant environment has a pronounced influence upon the iron requirement. 7. It appears that a delicate balance exists within the plant which requires that the available iron in the culture medium be limited to a very narrow range of concentrations to produce optimum growth.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Daily adjustment of iron supply produced vigorous soy bean plants across solutions and compounds.
- Taxon
- Soy Bean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- iron supply was adjusted from day to daye0
- Outcome
- large, healthy, vigorous plantse0
- Comparator
- type of culture solution or the iron compound employede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the iron supply was adjusted from day to day to meet the requirements, large, healthy, vigorous plants were produced, regardless of the type of culture solution or the iron compound employed”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Slightly excessive available iron could cause chlorosis.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- available iron supply in the medium is slightly in excesse0
- Outcome
- plants may become chlorotice0
- Comparator
- that actually requirede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the available iron supply in the medium is slightly in excess of that actually required, the plants may become chlorotic”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Slightly excessive available iron could cause iron toxicity.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- available iron supply in the medium is slightly in excesse0
- Outcome
- symptoms characteristic of iron toxicitye0
- Comparator
- that actually requirede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the available iron supply in the medium is slightly in excess of that actually required, the plants may become chlorotic from failure of iron to reach the leaves in the necessary concentration, or they may show the symptoms characteristic of iron toxicity”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Healthy green plants had lower dry-weight iron percentages than chlorotic plants.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- average percentages of irone0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- chlorotic plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“healthy green plants possess lower average percentages of iron, on the dry weight basis, than do chlorotic plants”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Healthy green plants had lower dry-weight iron percentages than plants with iron toxicity.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- average percentages of irone0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- those suffering from iron toxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“healthy green plants possess lower average percentages of iron, on the dry weight basis, than do chlorotic plants or those suffering from iron toxicity”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron was uniformly distributed in healthy plant stems and leaves.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- stems and leavese0
- Outcome
- iron in healthy green plantse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“iron in healthy green plants, however, although relatively low in concentration, appears to be uniformly distributed throughout the stems and leaves”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorotic plants had high stem iron and very low leaf iron.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- stemse0
- Outcome
- iron content of the chlorotic plantse0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“iron content of the chlorotic plants is high in the stems and very low in the leaves”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants with iron toxicity had high iron throughout.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- plants suffering from iron toxicitye0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“that of the plants suffering from iron toxicity is high throughout”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Small additions of iron tended to equalize iron distribution and maintain green plants.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Small additions of available irone0
- Outcome
- equal distribution throughout, and to keep it in a healthy green conditione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Small additions of available iron to the culture solution as the plant appears to require it tend to produce equal distribution throughout, and to keep it in a healthy green condition”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended keeping soluble iron as low as possible without inducing chlorosis.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- supply of soluble iron in the culture solution must be maintained at as low a concentration as possible without inducing chlorosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the supply of soluble iron in the culture solution must be maintained at as low a concentration as possible without inducing chlorosis”
t0“Soy Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors considered fixed-interval iron applications impracticable because plant environment changes iron requirements.
- Taxon
- Soy BeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Definite applications of iron to the culture media at fixed intervals during any given physiological stage of development is not practicablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Definite applications of iron to the culture media at fixed intervals during any given physiological stage of development is not practicable, since the ever changing plant environment has a pronounced influence upon the iron requirement”
t0“Soy Bean”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.