Abstract
Soybean explants (leaf, pod and subtending stem segment) excised at early-mid podfill and cultured on a mineral nutrient solution senesce much sooner than comparable intact structures. Pod development is also advanced, but seed yield is reduced. Cytokinin added to the mineral nutrient medium retards leaf yellowing, blade abscission, petiole abscission and to a lesser extent pod development. At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively. These cytokinins show a similar hierarchy of activity on abscission. Cytokinin also retards changes in stomatal resistance and transpiration rate. The activity hierarchy for the different cytokinins on stomatal resistance and pod development differs from that on leaf yellowing. When cytokinins are given as a long pulse (about 3 days), they show a somewhat different activity pattern compared with a continuous supply of cytokinin. Clearly, the cytokinins coming up through the xylem from the roots play an important role in maintaining the foliage, and a decline in the supply of cytokinins from the roots could be a major factor in monocarpic senescence of soybeans. If Z. ZR, diZ and diZR are normally supplied by the roots via the xylem, they must be important factors in sustaining leaf function and pod development.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Excised soybean explants senesced sooner than intact structures.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Outcome
- senescee0
- Direction
- much soonere0
- Comparator
- comparable intact structurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean explants (leaf, pod and subtending stem segment) excised at early-mid podfill and cultured on a mineral nutrient solution senesce much sooner than comparable intact structures.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod development was advanced in soybean explants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Pod developmente0
- Direction
- advancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pod development is also advanced, but seed yield is reduced.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed yield was reduced in soybean explants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pod development is also advanced, but seed yield is reduced.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin retarded leaf yellowing and blade and petiole abscission.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cytokinin added to the mineral nutrient mediume0
- Outcome
- leaf yellowing, blade abscission, petiole abscissione0
- Direction
- retardse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cytokinin added to the mineral nutrient medium retards leaf yellowing, blade abscission, petiole abscission and to a lesser extent pod development.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin retarded soybean pod development to a lesser extent.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cytokinin added to the mineral nutrient mediume0
- Outcome
- pod developmente0
- Direction
- retardse0
- Qualifier
- to a lesser extente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cytokinin added to the mineral nutrient medium retards leaf yellowing, blade abscission, petiole abscission and to a lesser extent pod development.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3×10−7m, diZR delayed soybean leaf yellowing by 18 days.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR)e0
- Outcome
- leaf yellowinge0
- Direction
- retarde0
- Value
- 18e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3×10−7m, benzyladenine delayed soybean leaf yellowing by 15 days.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3×10−7m, diZ delayed soybean leaf yellowing by 12 days.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- dihydrozeatin (diZ)e0
- Outcome
- leaf yellowinge0
- Direction
- retarde0
- Value
- 12e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3×10−7m, ZR delayed soybean leaf yellowing by 4–6 days.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- zeatin riboside (ZR)e0
- Outcome
- leaf yellowinge0
- Direction
- retarde0
- Value
- 4–6e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3×10−7m, zeatin delayed soybean leaf yellowing by 2–5 days.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3×10−7m, isopentenyladenine delayed soybean leaf yellowing by 2 days.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- isopentenyladeninee0
- Outcome
- leaf yellowinge0
- Direction
- retarde0
- Value
- 2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3×10−7m, isopentenyladenine riboside delayed soybean leaf yellowing by 1 day.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- isopentenyladenine ribosidee0
- Outcome
- leaf yellowinge0
- Direction
- retarde0
- Value
- 1 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3×10−7m, dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin (diZ), zeatin riboside (ZR), zeatin (Z), isopentenyladenine or isopentenyladenine riboside retard leaf yellowing by 18, 15, 12, 4–6, 2–5, 2 and 1 days, respectively.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinins showed a similar activity hierarchy for abscission.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- hierarchy of activity on abscissione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These cytokinins show a similar hierarchy of activity on abscission.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin retarded changes in soybean stomatal resistance and transpiration rate.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cytokinine0
- Outcome
- stomatal resistance and transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- retardse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cytokinin also retards changes in stomatal resistance and transpiration rate.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin activity rankings for stomatal resistance and pod development differed from leaf yellowing rankings.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- activity hierarchye0
- Direction
- differse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity hierarchy for the different cytokinins on stomatal resistance and pod development differs from that on leaf yellowing.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
A three-day cytokinin pulse produced a different activity pattern from continuous supply.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- long pulse (about 3 days)e0
- Outcome
- activity patterne0
- Direction
- differente0
- Comparator
- continuous supply of cytokinine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When cytokinins are given as a long pulse (about 3 days), they show a somewhat different activity pattern compared with a continuous supply of cytokinin.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that root-derived xylem cytokinins help maintain soybean foliage.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- maintaining the foliagee0
- Qualifier
- through the xylem from the rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cytokinins coming up through the xylem from the roots play an important role in maintaining the foliage”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that reduced root cytokinin supply may contribute to monocarpic soybean senescence.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- monocarpic senescencee0
- Qualifier
- decline in the supply of cytokinins from the rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decline in the supply of cytokinins from the roots could be a major factor in monocarpic senescence of soybeans.”
The same questions in other papers
zeatin · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
- positive
- positive
N-benzyladenine · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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mineral nutrient · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
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- positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.