Abstract
The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed in relation to phytohormone treatments that could conceivably release the dormancy of these seeds. A comparison was made between the effects of these treatments on the less dormant apical seeds and the more dormant basal seeds. Indole-3-acetic acid did not stimulate ethylene production by, or germination of, the dormant seeds to any extent. Gibberellic acid at 5 x 10(-4) M stimulated ethylene production by apical seeds to 17 millimicroliters per hour and germination to only 40% above the control. The more dormant basal seeds were affected even less by gibberellic acid than the seeds. Ethylene gas at 8 microliters per liter stimulated germination to 85% above the control for both apical and basal seeds. At this ethylene concentration the physiology of the more dormant basal seeds was altered, so that they behaved in a manner similar to the inherently less dormant apical seeds. 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid at 10(-3) and 5 x 10(-4) M provided results similar to ethylene gas. Both apical and basal seeds germinated 100% at 48 hours. Among the phytohormones tested in this study, ethylene gas produced the greatest germination at low concentrations, and it appears must directly related to initiating the reactions required for converting the quiescent cells to an active state of growth.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Indole-3-acetic acid did not stimulate ethylene production or germination.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Treatment
- Indole-3-acetic acide0
- Outcome
- ethylene production by, or germinatione0
- Direction
- did not stimulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Indole-3-acetic acid did not stimulate ethylene production by, or germination of, the dormant seeds to any extent.”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellic acid stimulated ethylene production by apical seeds to 17 millimicroliters per hour.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Organ / stage
- apical seedse0
- Treatment
- Gibberellic acid at 5 x 10(-4) Me0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Value
- 17 millimicroliters per houre0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gibberellic acid at 5 x 10(-4) M stimulated ethylene production by apical seeds to 17 millimicroliters per hour”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellic acid raised apical seed germination only 40% above control.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- Gibberellic acide2
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- abovee0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination to only 40% above the control”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
e2“Gibberellic acid at 5 x 10(-4) M stimulated ethylene production by apical seeds to 17 millimicroliters per hour”
Claim · model-written summary
Basal seeds responded less to gibberellic acid than apical seeds.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Organ / stage
- basal seedse0
- Treatment
- gibberellic acide0
- Outcome
- affected even lesse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- the seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The more dormant basal seeds were affected even less by gibberellic acid than the seeds.”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene gas increased germination of apical and basal seeds to 85% above control.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- Ethylene gas at 8 microliters per litere0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Value
- 85%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethylene gas at 8 microliters per liter stimulated germination to 85% above the control for both apical and basal seeds.”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene altered basal seed physiology to resemble apical seeds.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- physiology of the more dormant basal seedse0
- Comparator
- apical seedse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At this ethylene concentration the physiology of the more dormant basal seeds was altered, so that they behaved in a manner similar to the inherently less dormant apical seeds.”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid gave results similar to ethylene gas.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid at 10(-3) and 5 x 10(-4) Me0
- Outcome
- results similar to ethylene gase0
- Comparator
- ethylene gase0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid at 10(-3) and 5 x 10(-4) M provided results similar to ethylene gas.”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Both apical and basal seeds germinated 100% at 48 hours with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acide2
- Outcome
- germinatede0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Qualifier
- 48 hourse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both apical and basal seeds germinated 100% at 48 hours.”
t0“Oil Seeds”
e1“The germination and ethylene production by dormant Virginia-type peanut seeds were observed”
e2“2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid at 10(-3) and 5 x 10(-4) M provided results similar to ethylene gas.”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · growth · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →ethene · growth · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.