Abstract
Abstract Paddy soils of over 500 hectares had been polluted by arsenic (As) from tailings at an abandoned lead‐zinc mine at Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China. Several field experiments were conducted to establish measures for reducing As toxicity to rice plants. The results obtained were as follows. Fresh Chinese milkvetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) was not supposed to be used as green manure in arsenic polluted paddy soils. Although liming (1,500 kg CaO hectare‐1) could reduce water‐soluble As (H2O‐As) in the soil, the rice plant grew badly. The treatments of FeCl3 (25 mg Fe kg‐1 soil) and MnO2 (25 mg Mn kg‐1 soil) could markedly lower the H2O‐As and arsenite [As(III)] percentage in the soil and make the plant grow better than the control experiment (CK). Without adding any materials to the soil, wetting and drying (furrowing and draining) in the paddy soil could increase soil redox potential greatly and lower the H2O‐As and As(III) percentage obviously leading to better rice growth. In addition, the As contents of roots, flag leaf, grain, and husked rice of 11 new cultivare of early rice were determined and correlation analysis was conducted. Uptake and accumulation of As in different parts of cultivars Zhefu‐802 and Erjiufeng at the 4 As levels of the paddy soil demonstrated that the As contents in husked rice of both cultivars exceeded the hygienic standard (0.7 mg As kg‐1) when they grew in the paddy soil having total As content of about 70 mg kg‐1 for Zhefu‐802 and 100 mg kg‐1 for Erjiufeng, respectively.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Authors advised against fresh Chinese milkvetch green manure in arsenic polluted paddy soil.
- Taxon
- rice plants
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Fresh Chinese milkvetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)e0
- Outcome
- not supposed to be used as green manuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh Chinese milkvetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) was not supposed to be used as green manure in arsenic polluted paddy soils.”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Liming reduced water-soluble arsenic in soil.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- liming (1,500 kg CaO hectare‐1)e0
- Outcome
- water‐soluble As (H2O‐As) in the soile0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“liming (1,500 kg CaO hectare‐1) could reduce water‐soluble As (H2O‐As) in the soil”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grew badly with liming.
- Taxon
- rice plantOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- liming (1,500 kg CaO hectare‐1)e0
- Outcome
- rice plant grew badlye0
- Direction
- badlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although liming (1,500 kg CaO hectare‐1) could reduce water‐soluble As (H2O‐As) in the soil, the rice plant grew badly.”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
FeCl3 lowered soil water-soluble arsenic and arsenite percentage.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FeCl3 (25 mg Fe kg‐1 soil)e0
- Outcome
- H2O‐As and arsenite [As(III)] percentage in the soile0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control experiment (CK)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments of FeCl3 (25 mg Fe kg‐1 soil) and MnO2 (25 mg Mn kg‐1 soil) could markedly lower the H2O‐As and arsenite [As(III)] percentage in the soil and make the plant grow better than the control experiment (CK).”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
MnO2 lowered soil water-soluble arsenic and arsenite percentage.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- MnO2 (25 mg Mn kg‐1 soil)e0
- Outcome
- H2O‐As and arsenite [As(III)] percentage in the soile0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control experiment (CK)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments of FeCl3 (25 mg Fe kg‐1 soil) and MnO2 (25 mg Mn kg‐1 soil) could markedly lower the H2O‐As and arsenite [As(III)] percentage in the soil and make the plant grow better than the control experiment (CK).”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
FeCl3 improved plant growth over control.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FeCl3 (25 mg Fe kg‐1 soil)e0
- Outcome
- plant growe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- control experiment (CK)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments of FeCl3 (25 mg Fe kg‐1 soil) and MnO2 (25 mg Mn kg‐1 soil) could markedly lower the H2O‐As and arsenite [As(III)] percentage in the soil and make the plant grow better than the control experiment (CK).”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
MnO2 improved plant growth over control.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- MnO2 (25 mg Mn kg‐1 soil)e0
- Outcome
- plant growe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- control experiment (CK)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments of FeCl3 (25 mg Fe kg‐1 soil) and MnO2 (25 mg Mn kg‐1 soil) could markedly lower the H2O‐As and arsenite [As(III)] percentage in the soil and make the plant grow better than the control experiment (CK).”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Wetting and drying increased soil redox potential.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- wetting and drying (furrowing and draining)e0
- Outcome
- soil redox potentiale0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wetting and drying (furrowing and draining) in the paddy soil could increase soil redox potential greatly and lower the H2O‐As and As(III) percentage obviously leading to better rice growth.”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Wetting and drying lowered soil water-soluble arsenic and arsenite percentage.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- wetting and drying (furrowing and draining)e0
- Outcome
- H2O‐As and As(III) percentagee0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wetting and drying (furrowing and draining) in the paddy soil could increase soil redox potential greatly and lower the H2O‐As and As(III) percentage obviously leading to better rice growth.”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Wetting and drying led to better rice growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- wetting and drying (furrowing and draining)e0
- Outcome
- rice growthe0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wetting and drying (furrowing and draining) in the paddy soil could increase soil redox potential greatly and lower the H2O‐As and As(III) percentage obviously leading to better rice growth.”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Zhefu‐802 husked rice exceeded the arsenic standard at about 70 mg kg‐1 soil arsenic.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Zhefu‐802e0
- Outcome
- As contents in husked ricee0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- about 70 mg kg‐1e0
- Qualifier
- 0.7 mg As kg‐1e0
- Comparator
- hygienic standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the As contents in husked rice of both cultivars exceeded the hygienic standard (0.7 mg As kg‐1) when they grew in the paddy soil having total As content of about 70 mg kg‐1 for Zhefu‐802 and 100 mg kg‐1 for Erjiufeng, respectively.”
t0“rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Erjiufeng husked rice exceeded the arsenic standard at 100 mg kg‐1 soil arsenic.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Erjiufenge0
- Outcome
- As contents in husked ricee0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 100 mg kg‐1e0
- Qualifier
- 0.7 mg As kg‐1e0
- Comparator
- hygienic standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the As contents in husked rice of both cultivars exceeded the hygienic standard (0.7 mg As kg‐1) when they grew in the paddy soil having total As content of about 70 mg kg‐1 for Zhefu‐802 and 100 mg kg‐1 for Erjiufeng, respectively.”
t0“rice plants”
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