Abstract
Abstract Yield, water storage, and water use efficiency of irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) were evaluated under four tillage systems and five irrigation regimens. The tillage systems are conventional tillage, reduced tillage, zero tillage, and manual tillage, and the irrigation regimens were created by using a line source sprinkler system. Reduced and conventional tillage produced higher yield and water use efficiency than zero and manual tillage (p<0.05). Reduced tillage produced the highest yield of 1.88 t/ha and had slightly higher yields than conventional tillage in the first four irrigation levels because of higher water storage and lower percolation than conventional tillage. Although manual tillage had high water storage and low percolation, the water was not beneficially used probably because of high evaporation leading to significantly (p<0.05) high soil moisture tension before irrigation. Zero tillage, on the other hand, resulted in significantly (p<0.05) lower application efficiency due to higher runoff. Therefore, irrigated land requires some forms of mechanical tillage or water conservation measures for manually tilled land for improved water use efficiency.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced and conventional tillage gave higher cowpea yield and water use efficiency than zero and manual tillage.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- Reduced and conventional tillagee1
- Outcome
- yield and water use efficiencye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- zero and manual tillagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”
e1“Reduced and conventional tillage produced higher yield and water use efficiency than zero and manual tillage (p<0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage gave the highest cowpea yield, 1.88 t/ha.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Reduced tillagee2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 1.88 t/hae2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”
e2“Reduced tillage produced the highest yield of 1.88 t/ha and had slightly higher yields than conventional tillage in the first four irrigation levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage gave slightly higher cowpea yields than conventional tillage in the first four irrigation levels.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Reduced tillagee2
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- slightly highere2
- Qualifier
- in the first four irrigation levelse2
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”
e2“Reduced tillage produced the highest yield of 1.88 t/ha and had slightly higher yields than conventional tillage in the first four irrigation levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage gave significantly lower cowpea application efficiency, due to higher runoff.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Zero tillagee4
- Outcome
- application efficiencye4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Qualifier
- due to higher runoffe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”
e4“Zero tillage, on the other hand, resulted in significantly (p<0.05) lower application efficiency due to higher runoff”
Claim · model-written summary
Manual tillage had high water storage and low percolation in cowpea plots.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- manual tillagee5
- Outcome
- water storage and low percolatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”
e5“Although manual tillage had high water storage and low percolation”
Claim · model-written summary
Under manual tillage the water was not beneficially used, probably because of high evaporation.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- water was not beneficially usede6
- Qualifier
- high evaporatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”
e6“the water was not beneficially used probably because of high evaporation leading to significantly (p<0.05) high soil moisture tension before irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigated land requires mechanical tillage or water conservation measures for manually tilled land to improve water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- mechanical tillage or water conservation measures for manually tilled lande7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)”
e7“Therefore, irrigated land requires some forms of mechanical tillage or water conservation measures for manually tilled land for improved water use efficiency”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ
26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →tillage · physiology: water · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.