Paper · 2015 · Molecular Breeding

Moderately enhancing cytokinin level by down-regulation of GhCKX expression in cotton concurrently increases fiber and seed yield

Juan Zhao; Wenqin Bai; Qiwei Zeng; et al.

13
claims
23
verbatim quotes
77
citations
4
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Cotton is the leading natural fiber crop in the world. Cotton seeds are also an important oil and protein source. However, enhancement of fiber abundance usually leads to a smaller seed. Thus, it has become a challenge for cotton breeding to concurrently increase fiber yield and seed yield. To improve cotton yield, we elevated the endogenous cytokinin level in transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX), a key negative regulator controlling endogenous cytokinin in plants. The slightly and moderately suppressed transgenic cotton plants showed normal growth and development, while the severely suppressed plants exhibited a typical cytokinin-overproduction alteration. The suppression of CKX led to an enhancement of endogenous cytokinins in transgenic cotton plants. Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type. The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size. Field trials showed that seed yield and lint yield of the moderately suppressed CR-6 line increased by 15.4 and 20.0 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the enhanced cytokinin level in transgenic cottons did not show significant influence on fiber qualities. Our data demonstrated that CKX is a promising gene for crop yield improvement.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 13

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Slightly and moderately CKX-suppressed cotton grew and developed normally.

Material
slightly and moderately suppressed transgenic cotton plantse0
Outcome
normal growth and developmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The slightly and moderately suppressed transgenic cotton plants showed normal growth and development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–612 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Severely CKX-suppressed plants showed a cytokinin-overproduction phenotype.

Material
severely suppressed plantse0
Outcome
cytokinin-overproduction alteratione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the severely suppressed plants exhibited a typical cytokinin-overproduction alteration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 620–706 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CKX suppression increased endogenous cytokinins in transgenic cotton.

Treatment
suppression of CKXe0
Gene
CKXe0
Outcome
endogenous cytokininse0
Direction
enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The suppression of CKX led to an enhancement of endogenous cytokinins in transgenic cotton plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 708–805 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total cytokinins rose 20.4% in CR-3 versus wild type.

Material
CR-3e0
Treatment
moderately suppressede0
Outcome
Total cytokininse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
20.4e0
Comparator
wild typee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 807–1009 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total cytokinins rose 55.5% in CR-6 versus wild type.

Material
CR-6e0
Treatment
moderately suppressede0
Outcome
Total cytokininse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
55.5 %e0
Comparator
wild typee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 807–1009 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total cytokinins rose 134.2% in severely suppressed CR-13 versus wild type.

Material
CR-13e0
Treatment
severely suppressede0
Outcome
Total cytokininse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
134.2 %e0
Comparator
wild typee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Total cytokinins in moderately suppressed lines, CR-3 and CR-6, increased by 20.4 and 55.5 % respectively, and that in the severely suppressed line (CR-13) increased by 134.2 % compared to the wild type”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 807–1009 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderately suppressed lines had delayed leaf senescence.

Material
moderately suppressed linese0
Outcome
leaf senescencee0
Direction
delaye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1011–1155 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderately suppressed lines had higher photosynthesis.

Material
moderately suppressed linese0
Outcome
photosynthesise0
Direction
highere0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1011–1155 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderately suppressed lines had more fruiting branches and bolls and larger seeds.

Material
moderately suppressed linese0
Outcome
fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed sizee0
Direction
moree0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The moderately suppressed lines showed a delay in leaf senescence, higher photosynthesis, more fruiting branches and bolls, and bigger seed size”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1011–1155 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CR-6 seed yield increased by 15.4% in field trials.

Material
CR-6e0
Treatment
moderately suppressede0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
15.4e0
Setting
Field trialse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Field trials showed that seed yield and lint yield of the moderately suppressed CR-6 line increased by 15.4 and 20.0 %, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1157–1289 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CR-6 lint yield increased by 20.0% in field trials.

Material
CR-6e0
Treatment
moderately suppressede0
Outcome
lint yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
20.0 %e0
Setting
Field trialse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Field trials showed that seed yield and lint yield of the moderately suppressed CR-6 line increased by 15.4 and 20.0 %, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1157–1289 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Elevated cytokinin did not significantly affect cotton fiber quality.

Treatment
enhanced cytokinin levele0
Outcome
fiber qualitiese0
Direction
did not show significant influencee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the enhanced cytokinin level in transgenic cottons did not show significant influence on fiber qualities”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1302–1406 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors identify CKX as a promising target for crop yield improvement.

Gene
CKXe0
Outcome
crop yield improvemente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CKX is a promising gene for crop yield improvement”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1435–1485 · show in text ↑
e1

“transgenic cotton by constitutive suppression of cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–441 · show in text ↑

class · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 6 positive, 5 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.