Abstract
Studies were undertaken to investigate the effect of drip fertigation and conventional fertilizations with and without mulch on the productivity of apple. Soil moisture under fertigation remained greater in the upper 0–30 cm of soil, whereas under conventional surface irrigation, deeper layers registered greater values. Mulch application resulted in 2–4% greater moisture and raised the minimum but lowered the maximum soil temperatures, especially during later growth periods. Available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) contents under fertigation closely followed the moisture distribution pattern. Irrespective of treatments, available phosphorus (P) remained confined within upper 0- to 20-cm soil depth. Fertigation resulted in 35% greater growth and yield over conventional fertilization with irrigations besides saving 25% in irrigation water. Joint use of fertigation and mulch resulted in comparable growth and yield as unmulched condition and saved 20% in fertilizers and 15% in irrigation water.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation kept soil moisture greater in the upper 0–30 cm, while conventional surface irrigation kept deeper layers wetter
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- fertigatione1
- Outcome
- Soil moisturee1
- Direction
- remained greatere1
- Qualifier
- upper 0–30 cm of soile1
- Comparator
- conventional surface irrigatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Soil moisture under fertigation remained greater in the upper 0–30 cm of soil, whereas under conventional surface irrigation, deeper layers registered greater values”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch raised soil moisture by 2–4%
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Mulch applicatione2
- Outcome
- moisturee2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 2–4%e2
- Comparator
- without mulche1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“drip fertigation and conventional fertilizations with and without mulch”
e2“Mulch application resulted in 2–4% greater moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch raised the minimum soil temperature
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Mulch applicatione2
- Outcome
- soil temperaturese2
- Direction
- raisede2
- Qualifier
- minimume2
- Comparator
- without mulche1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“drip fertigation and conventional fertilizations with and without mulch”
e2“Mulch application resulted in 2–4% greater moisture and raised the minimum but lowered the maximum soil temperatures, especially during later growth periods”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch lowered the maximum soil temperature
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Mulch applicatione2
- Outcome
- soil temperaturese2
- Direction
- lowerede2
- Qualifier
- maximume2
- Comparator
- without mulche1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“drip fertigation and conventional fertilizations with and without mulch”
e2“Mulch application resulted in 2–4% greater moisture and raised the minimum but lowered the maximum soil temperatures, especially during later growth periods”
Claim · model-written summary
Available nitrogen and potassium contents under fertigation closely followed the soil moisture distribution pattern
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- fertigatione1
- Outcome
- Available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) contentse1
- Qualifier
- closely followed the moisture distribution patterne1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) contents under fertigation closely followed the moisture distribution pattern”
Claim · model-written summary
Available phosphorus remained confined within the upper 0–20 cm of soil irrespective of treatment
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- available phosphorus (P)e1
- Direction
- remained confined withine1
- Qualifier
- upper 0- to 20-cm soil depthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Irrespective of treatments, available phosphorus (P) remained confined within upper 0- to 20-cm soil depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation increased apple growth and yield by 35% over conventional fertilization with irrigations
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Fertigatione1
- Outcome
- growth and yielde1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 35%e1
- Comparator
- conventional fertilization with irrigationse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Fertigation resulted in 35% greater growth and yield over conventional fertilization with irrigations”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation saved 25% of irrigation water compared with conventional fertilization with irrigations
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Fertigatione1
- Outcome
- irrigation watere1
- Direction
- savinge1
- Value
- 25%e1
- Comparator
- conventional fertilization with irrigationse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Fertigation resulted in 35% greater growth and yield over conventional fertilization with irrigations besides saving 25% in irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
Joint use of fertigation and mulch gave growth and yield comparable to the unmulched condition
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Joint use of fertigation and mulche1
- Outcome
- growth and yielde1
- Direction
- comparablee1
- Comparator
- unmulched conditione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Joint use of fertigation and mulch resulted in comparable growth and yield as unmulched condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Joint use of fertigation and mulch saved 20% of fertilizers compared with the unmulched condition
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Joint use of fertigation and mulche1
- Outcome
- fertilizerse1
- Direction
- savede1
- Value
- 20%e1
- Comparator
- unmulched conditione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Joint use of fertigation and mulch resulted in comparable growth and yield as unmulched condition and saved 20% in fertilizers and 15% in irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
Joint use of fertigation and mulch saved 15% of irrigation water compared with the unmulched condition
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Joint use of fertigation and mulche1
- Outcome
- irrigation watere1
- Direction
- savede1
- Value
- 15%e1
- Comparator
- unmulched conditione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the productivity of apple”
e1“Joint use of fertigation and mulch resulted in comparable growth and yield as unmulched condition and saved 20% in fertilizers and 15% in irrigation water”
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3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.