Abstract
Abstract Thirty field experiments on a range of soils in different rainfall zones of South Western Australia were used to examine the effectiveness, relative to freshly applied zinc (Zn) fertilizer of previously applied Zn fertilizer for grain yield of wheat. The soils had been fertilized with Zn at 0.2 to 1.2 kg Zn ha‐1, 9 to 24 years previous. The effect of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer on grain yield and Zn concentrations in the youngest emerged blade (YEB) was also examined. At all sites, the current application of Zn fertilizer to soils previously treated with Zn did not increase grain yield. The highest level of N fertilizer did not reduce grain yield where Zn had been applied previously or induce Zn deficiency in wheat plants. The lowest level of Zn (0.2 kg Zn ha‐1, Experiment 17) applied 15 years earlier was still fully effective for maximum grain production. The application of currently applied Zn increased the Zn concentration in the YEB for 23 experiments. Application of N decreased Zn concentration in YEB in the 19 experiments, had no effect on the Zn concentration in 11 experiments, and increased Zn concentrations in two experiments. This was so for recent and previously applied Zn. In experiments where N decreased the Zn concentration in YEB, the concentration declined to 10 mg kg‐1 in seven experiments. Zn concentration in the grain was increased by the current application of Zn in 25 experiments. It had no effect in five experiments (Experiments 11–13, 21–22). The application of N fertilizer decreased the Zn concentration of the grain for both previously and currently applied Zn in 20 experiments. Nitrogen decreased the concentration of Zn in the grain to 10 mg Zn kg‐1 in seven experiments. Zinc extracted from the soil by DTPA was correlated with the amount of previously applied Zn fertilizer. DTPA‐extractable Zn for the experimental sites were 0.3 mg kg‐1, except for 2 experiments which were 0.2 mg/kg. The results show that where Zn fertilizer had been applied previously, applications of high levels of N fertilizer to cereal crops did not require further applications of Zn if superphosphate (400–600 mg Zn kg‐1) was used in the cropping and pasture phase. This is because of contaminates of Zn in rock phosphate used to make superphosphate. However, the requirements for Zn for wheat grain need to be reconsidered if diammonium phosphate (DAP) is used for cropping and if superphosphate applications are less than 150 kg ha‐1 during the legume crop or pasture species in rotation with the cereal.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Current zinc fertiliser application did not increase wheat grain yield on soils previously treated with zinc.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- current application of Zn fertilizere1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- did not increasee1
- Comparator
- soils previously treated with Zne1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e1“At all sites, the current application of Zn fertilizer to soils previously treated with Zn did not increase grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest level of N fertilizer did not reduce wheat grain yield where Zn had been applied previously.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- highest level of N fertilizere2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- did not reducee2
- Comparator
- Zn had been applied previouslye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e2“The highest level of N fertilizer did not reduce grain yield where Zn had been applied previously or induce Zn deficiency in wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest level of N fertilizer did not induce Zn deficiency in wheat plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- highest level of N fertilizere2
- Outcome
- Zn deficiency in wheat plantse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e2“The highest level of N fertilizer did not reduce grain yield where Zn had been applied previously or induce Zn deficiency in wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc applied 15 years earlier at the lowest level was still fully effective for maximum grain production.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- The lowest level of Zne4
- Outcome
- maximum grain productione3
- Qualifier
- was still fully effectivee3
- Setting
- applied 15 years earliere5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e3“was still fully effective for maximum grain production”
e4“The lowest level of Zn”
e5“applied 15 years earlier”
Claim · model-written summary
Currently applied zinc increased zinc concentration in the youngest emerged blade in 23 experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of currently applied Zne6
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in the YEBe6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- 23 experimentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e6“The application of currently applied Zn increased the Zn concentration in the YEB for 23 experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen decreased zinc concentration in the youngest emerged blade in 19 experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of Ne7
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in YEBe7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Value
- 19 experimentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e7“Application of N decreased Zn concentration in YEB in the 19 experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Currently applied zinc increased zinc concentration in the grain in 25 experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- current application of Zne7
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in the graine7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Value
- 25 experimentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e7“Zn concentration in the grain was increased by the current application of Zn in 25 experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer decreased zinc concentration in the grain in 20 experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of N fertilizere6
- Outcome
- Zn concentration of the graine6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 20 experimentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e6“The application of N fertilizer decreased the Zn concentration of the grain for both previously and currently applied Zn in 20 experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc extracted from the soil by DTPA correlated with the amount of previously applied zinc fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- amount of previously applied Zn fertilizere5
- Outcome
- Zinc extracted from the soil by DTPAe5
- Direction
- correlatede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e5“Zinc extracted from the soil by DTPA was correlated with the amount of previously applied Zn fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen decreased grain zinc concentration to 10 mg Zn/kg in seven experiments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Nitrogene4
- Outcome
- concentration of Zn in the graine4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 10 mg Zn kge4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e4“Nitrogen decreased the concentration of Zn in the grain to 10 mg Zn kg”
Claim · model-written summary
High levels of N fertilizer on cereal crops did not require further zinc applications where zinc had been applied previously.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- further applications of Zne3
- Qualifier
- where Zn fertilizer had been applied previouslye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e3“The results show that where Zn fertilizer had been applied previously, applications of high levels of N fertilizer to cereal crops did not require further applications of Zn”
Claim · model-written summary
The zinc requirement for wheat grain needs to be reconsidered if diammonium phosphate is used.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- requirements for Zn for wheat graine2
- Qualifier
- if diammonium phosphate (DAP) is used for croppinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e2“the requirements for Zn for wheat grain need to be reconsidered if diammonium phosphate (DAP) is used for cropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc contaminants in rock phosphate used to make superphosphate explain why high N did not require further zinc.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- did not require further applications of Zne3
- Qualifier
- contaminates of Zn in rock phosphate used to make superphosphatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grain production of wheat”
e3“applications of high levels of N fertilizer to cereal crops did not require further applications of Zn”
e1“This is because of contaminates of Zn in rock phosphate used to make superphosphate”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
54 papers in the same direction as this paper · 456 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
507 papers more in this group
See all 511 papers →fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
322 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3,115 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- positive
3,434 papers more in this group
See all 3,438 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.