Abstract
Weed control during alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) establishment is a primary concern of forage producers. Companion crops and clear‐seeding with an herbicide are commonly used methods for establishing alfalfa. This study evaluated an alternative method in which alfalfa is seeded into a winter‐killed mulch residue from a fall‐seeded winter cover crop of oat ( Avena sativa L.) and compared it with seven other establishment methods: (i) drilled with postemergence application of imazethapyr {(±)‐2‐[4,5‐dihydro‐4‐methyl‐4‐(1‐methylethyl)‐5‐oxo‐2‐imidazol‐2‐y1]‐5‐ethyl‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid}, (ii) drilled with postemergence application of sethoxydim {2‐[1‐(ethoxyimino)butyl] 5‐[2‐(ethylthio)propo]‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one}, (iii) drilled with no oat and no herbicide, (iv) oat companion crop harvested for silage, (v) oat companion crop harvested for grain, (vi) spring‐planted oat drilled with postemergence application of sethoxydim, and (vii) broadcast seeding without weed control. Field studies were conducted at two Iowa locations in 1996 and 1997. The oat companion‐crop treatment harvested for silage yielded the greatest forage dry matter (DM) in the establishment year. However, drilled treatments without an oat companion crop, including the control, resulted in greater alfalfa stand densities. Treatments with sethoxydim had lower grass weed densities in the establishment year while the drilled control and oat residue mulch treatment had the greatest. Treatments containing oat, and clear‐seeded with imazethapyr, had the lowest broadleaf weed densities in the establishment year. During the establishment year, forage quality was greatest where alfalfa density was high and weed density was low. Because no significant yield or quality differences were found among treatments in the year after establishment, method chosen for establishment should be based on forage needs during the establishment year.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Oat companion crop harvested for silage produced the greatest establishment year forage dry matter.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae1 - Treatment
- oat companion‐crop treatment harvested for silagee0
- Outcome
- forage dry matter (DM)e0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- establishment yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oat companion‐crop treatment harvested for silage yielded the greatest forage dry matter (DM) in the establishment year.”
e1“alfalfa density”
Claim · model-written summary
Drilled treatments without oat produced greater alfalfa stand density.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- drilled treatments without an oat companion crope0
- Outcome
- alfalfa stand densitiese0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drilled treatments without an oat companion crop, including the control, resulted in greater alfalfa stand densities.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sethoxydim treatments had lower grass weed density.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- Treatments with sethoxydime0
- Outcome
- grass weed densitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- establishment yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments with sethoxydim had lower grass weed densities in the establishment year”
e1“alfalfa density”
Claim · model-written summary
drilled control had the greatest grass weed density.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- drilled controle0
- Outcome
- greateste0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the drilled control and oat residue mulch treatment had the greatest.”
e1“alfalfa density”
Claim · model-written summary
oat residue mulch treatment had the greatest grass weed density.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- oat residue mulch treatmente0
- Outcome
- greateste0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the drilled control and oat residue mulch treatment had the greatest.”
e1“alfalfa density”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments containing oat had the lowest broadleaf weed density.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- Treatments containing oate0
- Outcome
- broadleaf weed densitiese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- establishment yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments containing oat, and clear‐seeded with imazethapyr, had the lowest broadleaf weed densities in the establishment year.”
e1“alfalfa density”
Claim · model-written summary
clear‐seeded with imazethapyr had the lowest broadleaf weed density.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- clear‐seeded with imazethapyre0
- Outcome
- broadleaf weed densitiese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- establishment yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments containing oat, and clear‐seeded with imazethapyr, had the lowest broadleaf weed densities in the establishment year.”
e1“alfalfa density”
Claim · model-written summary
Forage quality was greatest where alfalfa density was high and weed density low.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- forage qualitye0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- establishment yeare0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the establishment year, forage quality was greatest where alfalfa density was high and weed density was low.”
Claim · model-written summary
No significant yield or quality differences were found among treatments one year after establishment.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Outcome
- yield or quality differencese0
- Direction
- no significante0
- Qualifier
- year after establishmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant yield or quality differences were found among treatments in the year after establishment”
e1“alfalfa density”
Claim · model-written summary
Establishment methods should be selected for establishment year forage needs.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Outcome
- method chosen for establishment should be based on forage needs during the establishment yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“method chosen for establishment should be based on forage needs during the establishment year.”
e1“alfalfa density”
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See all 24 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.