Abstract
Flowering in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a sensitive stage to water-deficit stress, but the effects on metabolism are not well understood. The objective of this study was to monitor gas exchange responses of cotton plants under conditions of limited water supply and evaluate the effects on the carbohydrate concentrations and glutathione reductase levels in the cotton flower. Growth chamber experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009, with normal day/night conditions of 32/24 °C and optimum quantities of Hoagland's nutrient solution applied until flowering. Treatments were imposed at flowering and consisted of control (Control), where optimum quantities of water were applied, and water stress (WS) where 50% of optimum quantity of water was supplied. Water-deficit stress resulted in a significant decrease in leaf stomatal conductance. Leaf photosynthetic and respiration rates were similarly decreased compared to the control. Ovary and style water potential of water-stressed leaves were significantly higher compared to the water potential of water stressed leaves, indicating that cotton flowers are fairly resistant to changes in the water status of the plant. However, carbohydrate concentrations of water-stressed pistils (ovary and style) were significantly increased compared to the control and a similar pattern was observed in the levels of glutathione reductase of water-stressed pistils. In conclusion, water-deficit stress during flowering resulted in significant decreases in leaf gas exchange functions as well as leaf water potential. Cotton pistils appeared to be less sensitive since they were able to maintain water potential similar to the control under limited water supply and increase glutathione reductase levels. However, pistil carbohydrate metabolism was significantly affected resulting in accumulation of both hexose and sucrose indicating a perturbation in sucrose cleaving and hexose utilizing enzymes that could potentially have as a consequence a decrease in fertilization and seed set efficiency.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit decreased leaf stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- Water-deficit stresse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water-deficit stress resulted in a significant decrease in leaf stomatal conductance.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit decreased leaf photosynthetic rate relative to control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- Leafe0
- Treatment
- water-deficit stresst0
- Outcome
- photosynthetice0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf photosynthetic and respiration rates were similarly decreased compared to the control.”
t0“water-deficit stress effects on pistil biochemistry and leaf physiology in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit decreased leaf respiration rate relative to control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- Leafe0
- Treatment
- water-deficit stresst0
- Outcome
- respiration ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf photosynthetic and respiration rates were similarly decreased compared to the control.”
t0“water-deficit stress effects on pistil biochemistry and leaf physiology in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Ovary and style water potential exceeded that of water-stressed leaves.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- Ovary and stylee0
- Outcome
- water potentiale0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- water stressed leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ovary and style water potential of water-stressed leaves were significantly higher compared to the water potential of water stressed leaves”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Pistil carbohydrate concentrations increased under water deficit relative to control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- pistils (ovary and style)e0
- Treatment
- water-stressede0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carbohydrate concentrations of water-stressed pistils (ovary and style) were significantly increased compared to the control”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Pistil glutathione reductase levels increased under water deficit.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- pistilt0
- Treatment
- water-deficit stresst0
- Outcome
- glutathione reductase levelse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase glutathione reductase levels”
t0“water-deficit stress effects on pistil biochemistry and leaf physiology in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit decreased leaf water potential.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- water-deficit stresse0
- Outcome
- water potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water-deficit stress during flowering resulted in significant decreases in leaf gas exchange functions as well as leaf water potential.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Pistils maintained water potential similar to control under limited water.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- pistilt0
- Treatment
- limited water supplye0
- Outcome
- water potentiale0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maintain water potential similar to the control under limited water supply”
t0“water-deficit stress effects on pistil biochemistry and leaf physiology in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Pistil carbohydrate metabolism was significantly affected under water deficit.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- pistile0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate metabolisme0
- Direction
- affectede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pistil carbohydrate metabolism was significantly affected resulting in accumulation of both hexose and sucrose”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Hexose accumulated in pistils under water deficit.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- pistilt0
- Outcome
- hexosee0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accumulation of both hexose and sucrose”
t0“water-deficit stress effects on pistil biochemistry and leaf physiology in cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose accumulated in pistils under water deficit.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- pistilt0
- Outcome
- sucrosee0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accumulation of both hexose and sucrose”
t0“water-deficit stress effects on pistil biochemistry and leaf physiology in cotton”
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