Abstract
Abstract Phosphorus uptake, accumulation, and distribution have received much attention due to the increasing importance of fertilizer P in crop production. However, information concerning herbicide and P interaction is limited and there is no report available about the effect of P on the phytotoxicity of 3,5‐dinitro‐N 4 ,N 4 ‐dipropyl‐sulfanilamide (Ryzelan). Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the effects of P and/or Ryzelan on the growth and mineral contents of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.). Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm). Dry matter yields and pant N, P, Ca, Mg, K, Na, and Fe contents were determined. Total N was determined by the micro‐Kjeldahl method; P by the ammonium molybdate‐stannous chloride method and Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Application of herbicide suppressed growth, decreased total N and P uptakes and delayed emergence of seedlings as compared with control. In general, growth was more adversely affected in Maharloo soil than that in Kooshkak soil and in the former soil root growth was restricted more than top growth by Ryzelan treatment. Addition of P increased the sensitivity of chickpeas to Ryzelan in Kooshkak. Moreover, application of P did not significantly affect plant height or dry weights in either soil, but increased total P uptake where no herbicide was added. Addition of Ryzelan increased the concentrations of N and P in the tops of chickpeas. The contents of Ca and Na by chickpeas were affected by P treatment and concentrations of K and Fe by Ryzelan treatment. Probably the unfavorable ratios of plant nutrients and/or the harmful influence of Ryzelan were the major factors which caused severe reduction of the dry matter yield.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application suppressed chickpea growth compared with control.
- Taxon
- Chickpeas
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- Application of herbicidee1
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- suppressede1
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- arid region soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“Application of herbicide suppressed growth, decreased total N and P uptakes and delayed emergence of seedlings as compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application decreased total N and P uptake by chickpea compared with control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Application of herbicidee1
- Outcome
- total N and P uptakese1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- arid region soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“Application of herbicide suppressed growth, decreased total N and P uptakes and delayed emergence of seedlings as compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application delayed chickpea seedling emergence compared with control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Application of herbicidee1
- Outcome
- emergence of seedlingse1
- Direction
- delayede1
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- arid region soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“Application of herbicide suppressed growth, decreased total N and P uptakes and delayed emergence of seedlings as compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Ryzelan restricted chickpea root growth more than top growth in Maharloo soil.
- Taxon
- ChickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Ryzelan treatmente4
- Outcome
- root growthe4
- Direction
- restrictede4
- Comparator
- top growthe4
- Setting
- Maharloo soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e4“growth was more adversely affected in Maharloo soil than that in Kooshkak soil and in the former soil root growth was restricted more than top growth by Ryzelan treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea growth was more adversely affected in Maharloo soil than in Kooshkak soil.
- Taxon
- ChickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- growthe4
- Direction
- more adversely affectede4
- Comparator
- Kooshkak soile4
- Setting
- Maharloo soile4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e4“growth was more adversely affected in Maharloo soil than that in Kooshkak soil and in the former soil root growth was restricted more than top growth by Ryzelan treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Addition of P increased the sensitivity of chickpea to Ryzelan in Kooshkak soil.
- Taxon
- chickpeasCicer arietinume6
- Treatment
- Addition of Pe6
- Outcome
- sensitivity of chickpeas to Ryzelane6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Setting
- Kooshkake6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e6“Addition of P increased the sensitivity of chickpeas to Ryzelan in Kooshkak”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of P did not significantly affect chickpea plant height or dry weights in either soil.
- Taxon
- ChickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- application of Pe7
- Outcome
- plant height or dry weightse7
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte7
- Setting
- either soile7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e7“application of P did not significantly affect plant height or dry weights in either soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of P increased total P uptake by chickpea where no herbicide was added.
- Taxon
- ChickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- total P uptakee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- no herbicidee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“but increased total P uptake where no herbicide was added”
Claim · model-written summary
Addition of Ryzelan increased N and P concentrations in the tops of chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeasCicer arietinume1
- Organ / stage
- topse1
- Treatment
- Addition of Ryzelane1
- Outcome
- concentrations of N and Pe1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“Addition of Ryzelan increased the concentrations of N and P in the tops of chickpeas”
Claim · model-written summary
P treatment affected the Ca and Na contents of chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeasCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- P treatmente1
- Outcome
- contents of Ca and Nae1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“The contents of Ca and Na by chickpeas were affected by P treatment and concentrations of K and Fe by Ryzelan treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Ryzelan treatment affected the K and Fe concentrations of chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeasCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- Ryzelan treatmente1
- Outcome
- concentrations of K and Fee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“The contents of Ca and Na by chickpeas were affected by P treatment and concentrations of K and Fe by Ryzelan treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfavorable nutrient ratios and/or the harmful influence of Ryzelan probably caused the severe reduction of chickpea dry matter yield.
- Taxon
- ChickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- dry matter yielde1
- Qualifier
- unfavorable ratios of plant nutrients and/or the harmful influence of Ryzelane1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpeas were grown for 7 weeks in two arid region soils containing various levels of Ryzelan (O, 2 and 4 ppm) and P (0, 50 and 100 ppm)”
e1“Probably the unfavorable ratios of plant nutrients and/or the harmful influence of Ryzelan were the major factors which caused severe reduction of the dry matter yield”
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