Abstract
ABSTRACT Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes needed to produce optimum quality tortillas have not been identified. This study investigated the effect of variations in high‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits encoded at the Glu‐1 loci ( Glu‐A1, Glu‐B1 , and Glu‐D1 ) on dough properties and tortilla quality. Flour protein profiles, dough texture, and tortilla physical quality attributes were evaluated. Deletion at Glu‐D1 resulted in reduced insoluble polymeric protein content of flour, reduced dough compression force, and large dough extensibility. These properties produced very large tortillas (181 mm diameter) compared with a control made with commercial tortilla wheat flour (161 mm). Presence of a 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu‐B1 increased dough strength (largest compression force, reduced extensibility, and small‐diameter tortillas). Deletion at Glu‐A1 produced large tortillas (173 mm) but with unacceptable flexibility during storage (score <3.0 at day 16). In general, presence of 2* at Glu‐A1 , in combination with 5 + 10 at Glu‐D1 , produced small‐diameter tortillas that required large force to rupture (tough texture). Presence of 2 + 12 alleles instead of 5 + 10 at Glu‐D1 produced tortillas with a good compromise between diameter (>165 mm) and flexibility during storage (>3.0 at day 16). These allele combinations, along with deletion at Glu‐D1 , show promise for tortilla wheat development.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion at Glu-D1 was associated with reduced insoluble polymeric protein content of wheat flour
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Gene
- Glu‐D1e2
- Outcome
- insoluble polymeric protein content of floure2
- Direction
- reducede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e2“Deletion at Glu‐D1 resulted in reduced insoluble polymeric protein content of flour, reduced dough compression force, and large dough extensibility”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion at Glu-D1 was associated with reduced dough compression force
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- Glu‐D1e2
- Outcome
- dough compression forcee2
- Direction
- reducede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e2“Deletion at Glu‐D1 resulted in reduced insoluble polymeric protein content of flour, reduced dough compression force, and large dough extensibility”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion at Glu-D1 was associated with large dough extensibility
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- Glu‐D1e2
- Outcome
- dough extensibilitye2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e2“Deletion at Glu‐D1 resulted in reduced insoluble polymeric protein content of flour, reduced dough compression force, and large dough extensibility”
Claim · model-written summary
Tortillas made from the Glu-D1 deletion lines were very large (181 mm diameter) compared with a commercial tortilla wheat flour control (161 mm)
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- diametere3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 181 mme3
- Comparator
- commercial tortilla wheat floure3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e3“These properties produced very large tortillas (181 mm diameter) compared with a control made with commercial tortilla wheat flour (161 mm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion at Glu-A1 produced large tortillas (173 mm)
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e4“Deletion at Glu‐A1 produced large tortillas (173 mm) but with unacceptable flexibility during storage (score <3.0 at day 16)”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion at Glu-A1 gave unacceptable flexibility during storage (score below 3.0 at day 16)
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- Glu‐A1e4
- Outcome
- flexibility during storagee4
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede4
- Value
- score <3.0 at day 16e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e4“Deletion at Glu‐A1 produced large tortillas (173 mm) but with unacceptable flexibility during storage (score <3.0 at day 16)”
Claim · model-written summary
Presence of 2* at Glu-A1 with 5 + 10 at Glu-D1 produced small-diameter tortillas
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- Glu‐A1e5
- Outcome
- diametere5
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e5“In general, presence of 2* at Glu‐A1, in combination with 5 + 10 at Glu‐D1, produced small‐diameter tortillas that required large force to rupture (tough texture)”
Claim · model-written summary
Presence of 2* at Glu-A1 with 5 + 10 at Glu-D1 produced tortillas that required large force to rupture
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- Glu‐A1e5
- Outcome
- force to rupturee5
- Direction
- increaseinferrede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e5“In general, presence of 2* at Glu‐A1, in combination with 5 + 10 at Glu‐D1, produced small‐diameter tortillas that required large force to rupture (tough texture)”
Claim · model-written summary
Presence of a 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 increased dough strength
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 7 + 9 allelic paire6
- Gene
- Glu‐B1e6
- Outcome
- dough strengthe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e6“Presence of a 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu‐B1 increased dough strength (largest compression force, reduced extensibility, and small‐diameter tortillas)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 gave the largest dough compression force
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 7 + 9 allelic paire6
- Gene
- Glu‐B1e6
- Outcome
- compression forcee6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e6“Presence of a 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu‐B1 increased dough strength (largest compression force, reduced extensibility, and small‐diameter tortillas)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 reduced dough extensibility
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 7 + 9 allelic paire6
- Gene
- Glu‐B1e6
- Outcome
- extensibilitye6
- Direction
- reducede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e6“Presence of a 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu‐B1 increased dough strength (largest compression force, reduced extensibility, and small‐diameter tortillas)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu-B1 produced small-diameter tortillas
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 7 + 9 allelic paire6
- Gene
- Glu‐B1e6
- Outcome
- diametere6
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e6“Presence of a 7 + 9 allelic pair at Glu‐B1 increased dough strength (largest compression force, reduced extensibility, and small‐diameter tortillas)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2 + 12 alleles instead of 5 + 10 at Glu-D1 gave tortillas of diameter above 165 mm
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 2 + 12 allelese7
- Gene
- Glu‐D1e7
- Outcome
- diametere7
- Direction
- higherinferrede7
- Value
- >165 mme7
- Comparator
- 5 + 10e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e7“Presence of 2 + 12 alleles instead of 5 + 10 at Glu‐D1 produced tortillas with a good compromise between diameter (>165 mm) and flexibility during storage (>3.0 at day 16)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2 + 12 alleles instead of 5 + 10 at Glu-D1 gave flexibility during storage above 3.0 at day 16
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- 2 + 12 allelese7
- Gene
- Glu‐D1e7
- Outcome
- flexibility during storagee7
- Direction
- higherinferrede7
- Value
- >3.0 at day 16e7
- Comparator
- 5 + 10e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e7“Presence of 2 + 12 alleles instead of 5 + 10 at Glu‐D1 produced tortillas with a good compromise between diameter (>165 mm) and flexibility during storage (>3.0 at day 16)”
Claim · model-written summary
The allele combinations and deletion at Glu-D1 show promise for tortilla wheat development
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- tortilla wheat developmente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Wheat cultivars possessing quality attributes”
e7“These allele combinations, along with deletion at Glu‐D1, show promise for tortilla wheat development”