Abstract
Three stilbene phytoalexins, elicited by slicing and incubating imbibed peanut kernels under aerobic conditions, inhibited spore germination and hyphal extension of Aspergillus flavus with ED50 values in the range 4.9-12.8 micrograms ml-1. Phytoalexin yield was dependent on cultivar, conditions and duration of incubation after slicing, and crop history. The yield of phytoalexin from ten cultivars studied, after slicing and incubating at 25 degrees C for 24 h, ranged from 28 to 935 micrograms per g fresh weight and was negatively correlated with dry kernel colonization by A. flavus [r = -0.868 when plotted as 1n (phytoalexin concn) against 1n (percentage peanut colonization)]. When the incubation period was extended to 96 h there was no such correlation. Reduced phytoalexin yields were obtained when sliced kernels of one cultivar studied were incubated in water or at 37 degrees C, and no phytoalexin was obtained when the slices were incubated under nitrogen gas or frozen before aerobic incubation. Drought stress during pod development in four cultivars studied reduced phytoalexin yields of sliced kernels incubated at 25 degrees C for 24 h by 17-65% compared with non-stressed controls.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Three peanut stilbene phytoalexins inhibited Aspergillus flavus spore germination at ED50 values of 4.9–12.8 micrograms ml-1.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Organ / stage
- kernelse0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus flavuse0pathogen - Outcome
- spore germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 4.9-12.8 micrograms ml-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three stilbene phytoalexins, elicited by slicing and incubating imbibed peanut kernels under aerobic conditions, inhibited spore germination and hyphal extension of Aspergillus flavus with ED50 values in the range 4.9-12.8 micrograms ml-1”
Claim · model-written summary
The peanut phytoalexins inhibited Aspergillus flavus hyphal extension at ED50 values of 4.9–12.8 micrograms ml-1.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- hyphal extension of Aspergillus flavuse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 4.9-12.8 micrograms ml-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibited spore germination and hyphal extension of Aspergillus flavus with ED50 values in the range 4.9-12.8 micrograms ml-1”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut phytoalexin yield varied with cultivar, incubation conditions and duration, and crop history.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- Phytoalexin yielde0
- Qualifier
- conditions and duration of incubation after slicing, and crop historye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytoalexin yield was dependent on cultivar, conditions and duration of incubation after slicing, and crop history”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten peanut cultivars yielded 28 to 935 micrograms per g fresh weight of phytoalexin after slicing and incubation.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- yield of phytoalexine0
- Value
- 28 to 935 micrograms per g fresh weighte0
- Qualifier
- 25 degrees C for 24 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield of phytoalexin from ten cultivars studied, after slicing and incubating at 25 degrees C for 24 h, ranged from 28 to 935 micrograms per g fresh weight”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut phytoalexin yield was negatively correlated with Aspergillus flavus dry-kernel colonization after 24 hours.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- dry kernele0
- Interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- dry kernel colonization by A. flavuse0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
- Value
- r = -0.868e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was negatively correlated with dry kernel colonization by A. flavus [r = -0.868 when plotted as 1n (phytoalexin concn) against 1n (percentage peanut colonization)]”
Claim · model-written summary
The peanut phytoalexin yield and Aspergillus flavus colonization correlation was absent after 96 hours of incubation.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- correlatione0
- Qualifier
- 96 he0
Not reportedInteractorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the incubation period was extended to 96 h there was no such correlation”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Incubation in water reduced peanut phytoalexin yield.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- incubated in watere0
- Outcome
- phytoalexin yieldse0
- Direction
- Reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced phytoalexin yields were obtained when sliced kernels of one cultivar studied were incubated in water or at 37 degrees C”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Incubation at 37 degrees C reduced peanut phytoalexin yield.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 37 degrees Ce0
- Outcome
- phytoalexin yieldse0
- Direction
- Reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced phytoalexin yields were obtained when sliced kernels of one cultivar studied were incubated in water or at 37 degrees C”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen gas incubation prevented peanut phytoalexin production.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen gase0
- Outcome
- no phytoalexin was obtainede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no phytoalexin was obtained when the slices were incubated under nitrogen gas or frozen before aerobic incubation”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Freezing before aerobic incubation prevented peanut phytoalexin production.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- frozen before aerobic incubatione0
- Outcome
- no phytoalexin was obtainede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no phytoalexin was obtained when the slices were incubated under nitrogen gas or frozen before aerobic incubation”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod-development drought reduced peanut phytoalexin yields by 17–65% relative to non-stressed controls.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Drought stress during pod developmente0
- Outcome
- phytoalexin yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 17-65%e0
- Comparator
- non-stressed controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress during pod development in four cultivars studied reduced phytoalexin yields of sliced kernels incubated at 25 degrees C for 24 h by 17-65% compared with non-stressed controls”
t0“Peanuts”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.