Abstract
Abstract As reduced tillage production systems expand in the Great Plains, a critical need will be non‐tillage methods for controlling established weeds prior to planting the crop. This research dealt with finding selective weed control methods for corn ( Zea mays L.) in an ecofarming system consisting of a winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)‐corn‐fallow rotation on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (Typic Argiudolls) at Lincoln and a Holdrege silt loam (Typic Argiustolls) at North Platte, Nebraska. Both established and subsequently emerging weed species must be selectively controlled without tillage in order to better conserve the soil, water, energy, and labor requirements in this marginal corn production area. This research has as an objective the moving of dryland corn production further west in the Great Plains region. Adequate control of annual grass weeds as a group was more difficult than control of broadleaf weeds. The more difficult to control weed species were velvetleaf ( Abutilon theophrasti Medic.), fall panicum ( Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.), large crabgrass [ Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.], and clammy groundcherry ( Physalis heterophylla Nees). Weed yields were the lowest and corn yields were the highest on plots receiving atrazine [2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐ s ‐triazine] at 2.2 kg/ha, cyanazine (2‐[[4‐chloro‐6‐(ethylamino)‐ s ‐triazin‐2‐yl]amino]‐2‐methyl‐propionitrile) at 2.8 kg/ha, or a combination of the two at 0.9 + 1.9 kg/ha. Four foliar‐active herbicide treatments—2,4‐D [(2,4‐dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] at 1.1 kg/ha, 2,4‐D at 1.1 kg/ha + 9.4 liters/ha Sunspray 11E oil, paraquat (1,1'‐dimethyl‐4,4'‐bipyridinium ion) at 0.3 kg/ha, and glyphosate [ N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at 0.6 kg/ha—were equally effective for controlling established weeds and maintaining high corn yields when combined with the s ‐triazine herbicides. The no‐till farmer has a number of herbicides available which will selectively destroy established and subsequently germinating weed species in corn without tillage.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Annual grasses were harder to control than broadleaf weeds.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Outcome
- control of annual grass weedse0
- Direction
- more difficulte0
- Comparator
- broadleaf weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adequate control of annual grass weeds as a group was more difficult than control of broadleaf weeds”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Four named weed species were especially difficult to control.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- more difficult to control weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The more difficult to control weed species were velvetleaf ( Abutilon theophrasti Medic.), fall panicum ( Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.), large crabgrass [ Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.], and clammy groundcherry ( Physalis heterophylla Nees)”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine at 2.2 kg/ha produced lowest weed yield and highest corn yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- atrazine [2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐ s ‐triazine] at 2.2 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- Weed yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed yields were the lowest and corn yields were the highest on plots receiving atrazine [2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐ s ‐triazine] at 2.2 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanazine at 2.8 kg/ha produced lowest weed yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- cyanazine (2‐[[4‐chloro‐6‐(ethylamino)‐ s ‐triazin‐2‐yl]amino]‐2‐methyl‐propionitrile) at 2.8 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- Weed yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed yields were the lowest and corn yields were the highest on plots receiving atrazine [2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐ s ‐triazine] at 2.2 kg/ha, cyanazine (2‐[[4‐chloro‐6‐(ethylamino)‐ s ‐triazin‐2‐yl]amino]‐2‐methyl‐propionitrile) at 2.8 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined atrazine and cyanazine produced lowest weed yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- a combination of the two at 0.9 + 1.9 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- Weed yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed yields were the lowest and corn yields were the highest on plots receiving atrazine [2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐ s ‐triazine] at 2.2 kg/ha, cyanazine (2‐[[4‐chloro‐6‐(ethylamino)‐ s ‐triazin‐2‐yl]amino]‐2‐methyl‐propionitrile) at 2.8 kg/ha, or a combination of the two at 0.9 + 1.9 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
The four foliar herbicide treatments equally controlled established weeds and maintained high corn yield with triazines.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Four foliar‐active herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- controlling established weeds and maintaining high corn yieldse0
- Direction
- equally effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four foliar‐active herbicide treatments—2,4‐D [(2,4‐dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] at 1.1 kg/ha, 2,4‐D at 1.1 kg/ha + 9.4 liters/ha Sunspray 11E oil, paraquat (1,1'‐dimethyl‐4,4'‐bipyridinium ion) at 0.3 kg/ha, and glyphosate [ N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at 0.6 kg/ha—were equally effective for controlling established weeds and maintaining high corn yields when combined with the s ‐triazine herbicides”
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See all 406 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.