Abstract
Field studies were conducted from 1986 through 1989 to determine the feasibility of using clomazone in a winter wheat-corn-fallow rotation. Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha did not control emerged downy brome in autumn nor did it control redroot pigweed and tumble pigweed that emerged after a spring application of paraquat at 0.6 kg ai/ha. However, clomazone plus atrazine at 0.6 plus 2.2 kg ai/ha provided weed control in winter wheat stubble from October to corn harvest 12 mo later. Corn yields from this treatment were equal to or greater than the conventional practice of applying atrazine plus glyphosate at 2.2 plus 0.4 kg ae/ha in the fall followed by a spring application of metolachlor plus dicamba at 2.8 ai plus 0.3 kg ae/ha. When kochia densities were high, clomazone plus atrazine controlled triazine-resistant kochia better than metolachlor plus dicamba. Atrazine at 2.2 kg/ha applied in autumn followed by clomazone at 0.8 kg/ha in April generally caused more corn injury than when the same rate of clomazone was applied in autumn with the atrazine. The percent of bleached corn plants varied with planter, year, time of application, and rate of clomazone applied. The optimum time to apply clomazone at 0.6 kg/ha was in autumn with atrazine. This treatment caused some corn bleaching but produced the highest corn yield over 3 yr. In a dry autumn and spring, less clomazone injury occurred with a planter equipped with row cleaners than those without. The injury pattern associated with planters was inconsistent when precipitation was average and no injury occurred in a wet autumn and spring.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha failed to control emerged downy brome in autumn.
- Taxon
- downy brome
Bromus tectorume0 - Treatment
- Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/hae0
- Interactor
- downy bromeBromus tectorume0weed
- Outcome
- control emerged downy bromee0
- Direction
- did not controle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha did not control emerged downy brome in autumn”
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone failed to control redroot pigweed after spring paraquat.
- Taxon
- redroot pigweede0
- Treatment
- Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/hae0
- Interactor
- redroot pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- control redroot pigweede0
- Direction
- did not controle0
- Qualifier
- after a spring application of paraquat at 0.6 kg ai/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha did not control emerged downy brome in autumn nor did it control redroot pigweed and tumble pigweed that emerged after a spring application of paraquat at 0.6 kg ai/ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone failed to control tumble pigweed after spring paraquat.
- Taxon
- tumble pigweede0
- Treatment
- Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/hae0
- Interactor
- tumble pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- tumble pigweede0
- Direction
- did not controle0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha did not control emerged downy brome in autumn nor did it control redroot pigweed and tumble pigweed that emerged after a spring application of paraquat at 0.6 kg ai/ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone plus atrazine controlled weeds from October to corn harvest 12 months later.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- clomazone plus atrazine at 0.6 plus 2.2 kg ai/hae0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Qualifier
- from October to corn harvest 12 mo latere0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, clomazone plus atrazine at 0.6 plus 2.2 kg ai/ha provided weed control in winter wheat stubble from October to corn harvest 12 mo later.”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yield with clomazone plus atrazine equaled or exceeded conventional management.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- clomazone plus atrazine at 0.6 plus 2.2 kg ai/hae1
- Outcome
- Corn yieldse0
- Direction
- equal to or greatere0
- Comparator
- conventional practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn yields from this treatment were equal to or greater than the conventional practice of applying atrazine plus glyphosate at 2.2 plus 0.4 kg ae/ha in the fall followed by a spring application of metolachlor plus dicamba at 2.8 ai plus 0.3 kg ae/ha.”
e1“clomazone plus atrazine at 0.6 plus 2.2 kg ai/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
At high kochia density, clomazone plus atrazine controlled resistant kochia better than metolachlor plus dicamba.
- Treatment
- clomazone plus atrazinee0
- Outcome
- controlled triazine-resistant kochiae0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- When kochia densities were highe0
- Comparator
- metolachlor plus dicambae0
BassiaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When kochia densities were high, clomazone plus atrazine controlled triazine-resistant kochia better than metolachlor plus dicamba.”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring clomazone following autumn atrazine generally caused more corn injury than autumn coapplication.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Atrazine at 2.2 kg/ha applied in autumn followed by clomazone at 0.8 kg/ha in Aprile0
- Outcome
- corn injurye0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- generallye0
- Comparator
- clomazone was applied in autumn with the atrazinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Atrazine at 2.2 kg/ha applied in autumn followed by clomazone at 0.8 kg/ha in April generally caused more corn injury than when the same rate of clomazone was applied in autumn with the atrazine.”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn bleaching percentage varied with planter, year, application timing and clomazone rate.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- clomazonee0
- Outcome
- percent of bleached corn plantse0
- Qualifier
- planter, year, time of application, and rate of clomazone appliede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percent of bleached corn plants varied with planter, year, time of application, and rate of clomazone applied.”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimum clomazone application was 0.6 kg/ha in autumn with atrazine.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- apply clomazone at 0.6 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- in autumn with atrazinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum time to apply clomazone at 0.6 kg/ha was in autumn with atrazine.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The autumn clomazone-atrazine treatment caused some corn bleaching.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- clomazone at 0.6 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- corn bleachinge0
- Qualifier
- somee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment caused some corn bleaching but produced the highest corn yield over 3 yr.”
e1“clomazone at 0.6 kg/ha was in autumn with atrazine”
Claim · model-written summary
The autumn clomazone-atrazine treatment produced the highest corn yield over three years.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- clomazone at 0.6 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- corn yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- over 3 yre0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment caused some corn bleaching but produced the highest corn yield over 3 yr.”
e1“clomazone at 0.6 kg/ha was in autumn with atrazine”
Claim · model-written summary
Row cleaners reduced clomazone injury in a dry autumn and spring.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- planter equipped with row cleanerse0
- Outcome
- clomazone injurye0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- dry autumn and springe0
- Comparator
- those withoute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In a dry autumn and spring, less clomazone injury occurred with a planter equipped with row cleaners than those without.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Planter-associated injury patterns were inconsistent at average precipitation.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- injury pattern associated with planters was inconsistente0
- Qualifier
- precipitation was averagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The injury pattern associated with planters was inconsistent when precipitation was average and no injury occurred in a wet autumn and spring.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
No corn injury occurred in a wet autumn and spring.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- no injury occurrede0
- Qualifier
- wet autumn and springe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no injury occurred in a wet autumn and spring.”
t0“Corn”
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