Abstract
The effect of the electrical conductivity (EC) of nutrient solution on total soluble solids (TSS) and fruit yield was studied, using table tomatoes grown outdoors in hydroponic culture, with the aim of seeing if salt stress could be used to increase TSS and thereby improve fruit quality. Two initial experiments compared the responses of 3 different cultivars and compared responses to different salts. The main experiment aimed to quantify the trade-off between yield and TSS as EC was raised with NaCl. In the main experiment, TSS of cv. Flora Dade increased linearly from 4.40 to 5.94 ¦Brix over an EC range of 1.5-9.0 mS/cm. Over all 3 experiments, the mean TSS of Flora Dade increased by 0.16 ¦Brix/mS.cm rise in EC above the control EC of 1.5-2.0 mS/cm. The 3 cultivars responded similarly to raised EC, although they ranged in TSS from 4.1 to 5.4 ¦Brix under nonsaline conditions. Raising solution EC with NaCl, KCl, or a mixture of NaCl/CaCl2 all gave significant increases in TSS. Increasing EC also increased titratable acidity and reduced fruit size, but had no effect on fruit firmness. Yield in the main experiment declined with increasing EC, but not linearly. Over all experiments, it was shown that salt stress could be used to achieve an increase in TSS of about 0.5 ¦Brix with little or no effect on yield. However, the EC at which this increase occurred appeared to depend on weather conditions.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Flora Dade soluble solids rose linearly from 4.40 to 5.94 ¦Brix across EC 1.5-9.0 mS/cm.
- Taxon
- tomatoes
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Material
- Flora Dadee0
- Treatment
- EC range of 1.5-9.0 mS/cme0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.40 to 5.94 ¦Brixe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“TSS of cv. Flora Dade increased linearly from 4.40 to 5.94 ¦Brix over an EC range of 1.5-9.0 mS/cm”
Claim · model-written summary
Across experiments Flora Dade TSS rose 0.16 ¦Brix/mS.cm per EC increase.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Flora Dadee0
- Treatment
- rise in ECe0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.16 ¦Brix/mS.cme0
- Comparator
- control EC of 1.5-2.0 mS/cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“the mean TSS of Flora Dade increased by 0.16 ¦Brix/mS.cm rise in EC above the control EC of 1.5-2.0 mS/cm”
Claim · model-written summary
Three cultivars had similar responses to raised EC.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- responded similarly to raised ECe0
- Qualifier
- ranged in TSS from 4.1 to 5.4 ¦Brix under nonsaline conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“The 3 cultivars responded similarly to raised EC, although they ranged in TSS from 4.1 to 5.4 ¦Brix under nonsaline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl raised TSS significantly.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NaCle0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“Raising solution EC with NaCl, KCl, or a mixture of NaCl/CaCl2 all gave significant increases in TSS”
Claim · model-written summary
KCl raised TSS significantly.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- KCle0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“Raising solution EC with NaCl, KCl, or a mixture of NaCl/CaCl2 all gave significant increases in TSS”
Claim · model-written summary
a mixture of NaCl/CaCl2 raised TSS significantly.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- a mixture of NaCl/CaCl2e0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“Raising solution EC with NaCl, KCl, or a mixture of NaCl/CaCl2 all gave significant increases in TSS”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing EC raised titratable acidity.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Increasing ECe0
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“Increasing EC also increased titratable acidity and reduced fruit size, but had no effect on fruit firmness”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing EC reduced fruit size.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Increasing ECe0
- Outcome
- fruit sizee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“Increasing EC also increased titratable acidity and reduced fruit size, but had no effect on fruit firmness”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing EC had no effect on fruit firmness.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Increasing ECe0
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“Increasing EC also increased titratable acidity and reduced fruit size, but had no effect on fruit firmness”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield declined nonlinearly with rising EC.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- increasing ECe0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- not linearlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“Yield in the main experiment declined with increasing EC, but not linearly”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress raised TSS about 0.5 ¦Brix with little or no yield effect.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0.5 ¦Brixe0
- Qualifier
- little or no effect on yielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“salt stress could be used to achieve an increase in TSS of about 0.5 ¦Brix with little or no effect on yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The EC needed for the TSS gain appeared to depend on weather.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- EC at which this increase occurrede0
- Setting
- weather conditionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“salad tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum )”
e0“the EC at which this increase occurred appeared to depend on weather conditions”
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