Abstract
Salinity stress enhances sugar accumulation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, the transport of carbohydrates into tomato fruits and the regulation of starch synthesis during fruit development in tomato plants cv. 'Micro-Tom' exposed to high levels of salinity stress were examined. Growth with 160 mM NaCl doubled starch accumulation in tomato fruits compared to control plants during the early stages of development, and soluble sugars increased as the fruit matured. Tracer analysis with (13)C confirmed that elevated carbohydrate accumulation in fruits exposed to salinity stress was confined to the early development stages and did not occur after ripening. Salinity stress also up-regulated sucrose transporter expression in source leaves and increased activity of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) in fruits during the early development stages. The results indicate that salinity stress enhanced carbohydrate accumulation as starch during the early development stages and it is responsible for the increase in soluble sugars in ripe fruit. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses of salinity-stressed plants showed that the AGPase-encoding genes, AgpL1 and AgpS1 were up-regulated in developing fruits, and AgpL1 was obviously up-regulated by sugar at the transcriptional level but not by abscisic acid and osmotic stress. These results indicate AgpL1 and AgpS1 are involved in the promotion of starch biosynthesis under the salinity stress in ABA- and osmotic stress-independent manners. These two genes are differentially regulated at the transcriptional level, and AgpL1 is suggested to play a regulatory role in this event.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
160 mM NaCl doubled early fruit starch relative to controls.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- 160 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- starch accumulatione0
- Direction
- doublede0
- Value
- doublede0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth with 160 mM NaCl doubled starch accumulation in tomato fruits compared to control plants during the early stages of development”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugars increased as salinity-exposed fruit matured.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble sugars increased as the fruit matured”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated fruit carbohydrate accumulation under salinity was restricted to early development and absent after ripening.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- confined to the early development stages and did not occur after ripeninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated carbohydrate accumulation in fruits exposed to salinity stress was confined to the early development stages and did not occur after ripening”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity up-regulated sucrose transporter expression in source leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- source leavese0
- Treatment
- Salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- sucrose transporter expressione0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress also up-regulated sucrose transporter expression in source leaves”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased fruit AGPase activity early in development.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- Salinityt0
- Gene
- ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylasee0
- Outcome
- activity of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased activity of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) in fruits during the early development stages”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity up-regulated AgpL1 in developing fruits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- developing fruitse0
- Treatment
- Salinityt0
- Gene
- AgpL1e0
- Outcome
- up-regulatede0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AgpL1 and AgpS1 were up-regulated in developing fruits”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity up-regulated AgpS1 in developing fruits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- developing fruitse0
- Treatment
- Salinityt0
- Gene
- AgpS1e0
- Outcome
- up-regulatede0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AgpL1 and AgpS1 were up-regulated in developing fruits”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar up-regulated AgpL1 transcription, unlike abscisic acid or osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- sugare0
- Gene
- AgpL1e0
- Outcome
- AgpL1e0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
- Comparator
- abscisic acid and osmotic stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AgpL1 was obviously up-regulated by sugar at the transcriptional level but not by abscisic acid and osmotic stress”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer early starch accumulation accounts for higher soluble sugars in ripe fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- increase in soluble sugars in ripe fruite0
- Qualifier
- carbohydrate accumulation as starch during the early development stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity stress enhanced carbohydrate accumulation as starch during the early development stages and it is responsible for the increase in soluble sugars in ripe fruit”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
AgpL1 and AgpS1 were inferred to promote starch biosynthesis under salinity independently of ABA and osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- AgpL1 and AgpS1e0
- Outcome
- starch biosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- ABA- and osmotic stress-independent mannerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AgpL1 and AgpS1 are involved in the promotion of starch biosynthesis under the salinity stress in ABA- and osmotic stress-independent manners”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
AgpL1 and AgpS1 have different transcriptional regulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- starch biosynthetic genest0
- Outcome
- differentially regulated at the transcriptional levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These two genes are differentially regulated at the transcriptional level”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
AgpL1 is suggested to regulate salinity-associated starch biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- AgpL1e0
- Outcome
- regulatory role in this evente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AgpL1 is suggested to play a regulatory role in this event”
t0“Salinity induces carbohydrate accumulation and sugar-regulated starch biosynthetic genes in tomato”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →salinity · molecular: expression · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →salinity · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- positive
78 papers more in this group
See all 82 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.