Abstract
The outmost layer of the surface of any land plant is covered with wax, which protects the inner tissues of plants. The Arabidopsis ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter, Cer5, was found to be an exporter of wax molecules. Full-length wheat tacer5 cDNA, a sequence homologous to cer5, was isolated. Similar to other transporters of the ABCG subfamily, TaCer5 also has a typical basic structure of NBD-MSD (nucleotide-binding folds domain - membrane-spanning domain). Although the identity scores of TaCer5 and other ABCG transporters are not very high, amino acid residues of NBDs and MSDs are highly conserved among them. Tacer5 is a tissue-specific gene. The transcripts of tacer5 were found in leaf tissues and predominantly in stem tissues but were hardly detectable in root tissues. Stress inhibited the expression of tacer5. The expression was significantly decreased by salinity, low temperature, and 48-hour-darkness and also by exogenous phytohormone abscisic acid and salicylic acid, although not significantly. Exposure to polyethylene glycol either increased the expression or decreased it, depending on the duration of exposure. All the above factors also decreased the extent of wax deposited on wheat leaves. It is therefore concluded that transport of wax molecules is affected by environmental factors.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Full-length wheat tacer5 cDNA homologous to cer5 was isolated.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Gene
- tacer5e0
- Outcome
- cDNA, a sequence homologous to cer5, was isolatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Full-length wheat tacer5 cDNA, a sequence homologous to cer5, was isolated.”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCer5 has the ABCG transporter NBD-MSD structure.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaCer5e0
- Outcome
- typical basic structure of NBD-MSDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar to other transporters of the ABCG subfamily, TaCer5 also has a typical basic structure of NBD-MSD (nucleotide-binding folds domain - membrane-spanning domain).”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCer5 NBD and MSD residues are highly conserved among ABCG transporters despite low overall identity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- TaCer5e0
- Outcome
- amino acid residues of NBDs and MSDs are highly conservede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although the identity scores of TaCer5 and other ABCG transporters are not very high, amino acid residues of NBDs and MSDs are highly conserved among them.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
tacer5 transcripts occurred in leaves, predominated in stems, and were scarcely detected in roots.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- stem tissuese0
- Gene
- tacer5e0
- Outcome
- transcripts of tacer5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcripts of tacer5 were found in leaf tissues and predominantly in stem tissues but were hardly detectable in root tissues.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly decreased tacer5 expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression was significantly decreased by salinity, low temperature, and 48-hour-darkness”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature significantly decreased tacer5 expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression was significantly decreased by salinity, low temperature, and 48-hour-darkness”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
48-hour darkness significantly decreased tacer5 expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 48-hour-darknesse0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression was significantly decreased by salinity, low temperature, and 48-hour-darkness”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid decreased expression without significance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- abscisic acide0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression was significantly decreased by salinity, low temperature, and 48-hour-darkness and also by exogenous phytohormone abscisic acid and salicylic acid, although not significantly.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid decreased expression without significance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression was significantly decreased by salinity, low temperature, and 48-hour-darkness and also by exogenous phytohormone abscisic acid and salicylic acid, although not significantly.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyethylene glycol increased or decreased expression depending on exposure duration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- polyethylene glycole0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- depending on the duration of exposuree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to polyethylene glycol either increased the expression or decreased it, depending on the duration of exposure.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The tested factors decreased wax deposited on wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- above factorse0
- Outcome
- extent of wax deposited on wheat leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the above factors also decreased the extent of wax deposited on wheat leaves.”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →salinity · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →cold · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.