Paper · 1995 · Journal of Environmental Quality

Feasibility of Cyclic Reuse of Saline Drainage in a Tomato‐Cotton Rotation

C. Shennan; S. R. Grattan; D. M. May; et al.

9
claims
11
verbatim quotes
44
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract Use of saline drainage water for crop irrigation has been proposed as a strategy to reduce drainage volume and conserve good quality water. Over a 6‐yr period, two cyclic drainage‐water reuse practices were tested in a 3‐yr rotation of processing tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L.) and cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). In both practices, drainage water (EC i = 7.4 dS m −1 and 0.74 mmol L −1 B) was applied to processing tomato after first bloom to take advantage of salt‐induced enhancement of fruit quality and increased crop salt tolerance at later developmental stages. In one practice, drainage water was also applied to the following cotton crop after thinning. Nonsaline water was used for irrigation at all other times and throughout for the control. When saline water was applied once every 3 yr, yields of both crops were unaffected. Tomato yields were generally lowest when saline water was applied 2 out of 3 yr, but saline water improved tomato fruit quality by increasing °Brix in most years. Changes in soil chemical and physical quality may limit long‐term reuse. Both B and salts accumulated in the soil over time, particularly at depth (60–140 cm), whereas Se was more readily leached and showed greater fluctuations in the rootzone with irrigation treatment. Calculations using reclamation formulae estimated that for low B drainage water, the amount of drainage wager used exceeded that of nonsaline water needed to return soil EC e to control levels, resulting in significant water savings. For high B drainage water, more than twice the amount of nonsaline water was needed to fully reclaim the profile than was saved by reuse. However, moderately B‐tolerant crops could be successfully grown during the reclamation period, making cyclic reuse for at least 6 yr an attractive option for growers facing limited supplies of nonsaline water supplies, or as a means to reduce effluent volumes.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Applying saline water once every three years did not affect tomato yield.

Treatment
saline watere0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
unaffectede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“When saline water was applied once every 3 yr, yields of both crops were unaffected.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 770–854 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato‐Cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Applying saline water once every three years did not affect cotton yield.

Treatment
saline watere0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
unaffectede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“When saline water was applied once every 3 yr, yields of both crops were unaffected.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 770–854 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato‐Cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tomato yields were generally lowest with saline water in two of three years.

Treatment
saline water was applied 2 out of 3 yre0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
loweste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Tomato yields were generally lowest when saline water was applied 2 out of 3 yr”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 855–934 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Saline water increased tomato fruit °Brix in most years.

Treatment
saline watere0
Outcome
°Brixe0
Direction
increasinge0
Qualifier
in most yearse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“saline water improved tomato fruit quality by increasing °Brix in most years”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1016 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil boron and salts accumulated over time, especially at depth.

Outcome
B and salts accumulated in the soile0
Direction
accumulatede0
Value
60–140 cme0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Both B and salts accumulated in the soil over time, particularly at depth (60–140 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1176 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Selenium leached more readily and fluctuated more in the root zone with irrigation treatment.

Treatment
irrigation treatmente0
Outcome
Se was more readily leached and showed greater fluctuations in the rootzonee0
Direction
more readilye0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Se was more readily leached and showed greater fluctuations in the rootzone with irrigation treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1186–1287 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)simulated

Claim · model-written summary

For low-boron drainage water, reclamation calculations indicated significant water savings.

Outcome
water savingse0
Direction
savingse0
Qualifier
for low B drainage watere0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“for low B drainage water, the amount of drainage wager used exceeded that of nonsaline water needed to return soil EC e to control levels, resulting in significant water savings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1344–1521 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

For high-boron drainage water, full reclamation required more than twice the nonsaline water saved by reuse.

Outcome
amount of nonsaline water was needed to fully reclaim the profilee0
Direction
more than twicee0
Value
more than twicee0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“For high B drainage water, more than twice the amount of nonsaline water was needed to fully reclaim the profile than was saved by reuse”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1523–1659 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors consider cyclic reuse for at least six years attractive where nonsaline water is limited or effluent reduction is needed.

Taxon
cropse0
Outcome
cyclic reuse for at least 6 yre0
Qualifier
moderately B‐tolerante0

Verbatim

e0

“moderately B‐tolerant crops could be successfully grown during the reclamation period, making cyclic reuse for at least 6 yr an attractive option for growers facing limited supplies of nonsaline water supplies, or as a means to reduce effluent volumes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1670–1921 · show in text ↑

salinity · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

51 papers: 44 positive, 7 negative or no effect

43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

47 papers more in this group

See all 51 papers →

salinity · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ

58 papers: 9 positive, 49 negative or no effect

48 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

54 papers more in this group

See all 58 papers →

salinity · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

160 papers: 18 positive, 142 negative or no effect

141 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

156 papers more in this group

See all 160 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.