Abstract
Abstract Dry seeding has been identified as an option for increasing cropping intensity and productivity in rainfed ricelands. Managing drought and nutrients are important for increasing yield, but the interactive effects of drought and nutrients on dry-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth have not been systematically investigated. Two experiments were carried out in 1994 and 1995 to analyze the effects of N fertilizer rate and the use of controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) on the growth and yield of dry-seeded rice grown on a silty clay loam (Typic Tropaquept) subjected to water stress at different crop stages. In both years, in the main plots, rice was subjected to water stress at four different stages of development. The subplots were designed to compare the effect of the application of prilled urea and CRFs Osmocote (1994) and Polyon 12 (1995). Four N rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha−1) were imposed on rice in the sub-subplots (1994 only). The N fertilizer source did not affect any of the measured parameters. Irrespective of the N the fertilizer rates, grain yield and total dry matter accumulation of rice plants stressed at the flowering stage (WSFL, 1994) and panicle initiation stage (WSPI, 1995) were significantly lower than those of well-watered plants and plants stressed at the vegetative stage. Water stress during the grain-filling stage reduced the grain yield in 1995 when the stress was severe. Application of N fertilizer increased the yield compared with zero N in all water treatments, except for the WSFL plants whose yield did not change. The WSFL treatment also significantly reduced agronomic N-use efficiency.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield and total dry matter of rice stressed at flowering (1994) or panicle initiation (1995) were significantly lower than in well-watered plants and in plants stressed at the vegetative stage.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- stressed at the flowering stage (WSFL, 1994) and panicle initiation stage (WSPI, 1995)e1
- Outcome
- grain yield and total dry matter accumulatione1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- well-watered plants and plants stressed at the vegetative stagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“grain yield and total dry matter accumulation of rice plants stressed at the flowering stage (WSFL, 1994) and panicle initiation stage (WSPI, 1995) were significantly lower than those of well-watered plants and plants stressed at the vegetative stage”
t0“Drought response of dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress during the grain-filling stage reduced grain yield in 1995 when the stress was severe.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Water stress during the grain-filling stagee2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Qualifier
- when the stress was severee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Water stress during the grain-filling stage reduced the grain yield in 1995 when the stress was severe”
t0“Drought response of dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of N fertilizer increased rice yield compared with zero N in all water treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Application of N fertilizere3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- zero Ne3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Application of N fertilizer increased the yield compared with zero N in all water treatments, except for the WSFL plants whose yield did not change”
t0“Drought response of dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
In WSFL plants, application of N fertilizer did not change yield compared with zero N.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Application of N fertilizere3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- did not changee3
- Qualifier
- except for the WSFL plantse3
- Comparator
- zero Ne3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Application of N fertilizer increased the yield compared with zero N in all water treatments, except for the WSFL plants whose yield did not change”
t0“Drought response of dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The WSFL water treatment significantly reduced agronomic N-use efficiency in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- WSFL treatmente4
- Outcome
- agronomic N-use efficiencye4
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The WSFL treatment also significantly reduced agronomic N-use efficiency”
t0“Drought response of dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The N fertilizer source (controlled-release versus prilled urea) did not affect any of the measured rice parameters.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N fertilizer sourcee5
- Outcome
- measured parameterse5
- Direction
- did not affecte5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The N fertilizer source did not affect any of the measured parameters”
t0“Drought response of dry-seeded rice”
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