Abstract
Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L. were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2 . Plants were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe and given a phosphorus supply in the form of bonemeal, which would not be immediately available to the plants. Seven sequential harvests were taken to determine whether the effect of elevated CO 2 on mycorrhizal colonization was independent of the effect of CO 2 on plant growth. Plant growth analysis showed that both species grew faster in elevated CO 2 and that P. lanceolata had increased carbon allocation towards the roots. Elevated CO 2 did not affect the percentage of root length colonized (RLC); although total colonized root length was greater, when plant size was taken into account this effect disappeared. This finding was also true for root length colonized by arbuscules. No CO 2 effect was found on hyphal density (colonization intensity) in roots. The P content of plants was increased at elevated CO 2 , although both shoot and root tissue P concentration were unchanged. This was again as a result of bigger plants at elevated CO 2 . Phosphorus inflow was unaffected by CO 2 concentrations. It is concluded that there is no direct permanent effect of elevated CO 2 on mycorrhizal functioning, as internal mycorrhizal development and the mycorrhizal P uptake mechanism are unaffected. The importance of sequential harvests in experiments is discussed. The direction for future research is highlighted, especially in relation to C storage in the soil.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 made Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens grow faster than under ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.
Trifolium repens
Plantago lanceolatae1 - Treatment
- elevated CO 2e3
- Outcome
- Plant growthe3
- Direction
- fastere3
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e3“Plant growth analysis showed that both species grew faster in elevated CO 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased carbon allocation towards the roots of P. lanceolata.
- Taxon
- P. lanceolataPlantago lanceolatae4
- Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e3
- Outcome
- carbon allocation towards the rootse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e3“Plant growth analysis showed that both species grew faster in elevated CO 2”
e4“P. lanceolata had increased carbon allocation towards the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 did not affect the percentage of root length colonized by Glomus mosseae in Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e5
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee6symbiont - Outcome
- percentage of root length colonizede5
- Direction
- did not affecte5
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e5“Elevated CO 2 did not affect the percentage of root length colonized (RLC); although total colonized root length was greater, when plant size was taken into account this effect disappeared”
e6“inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 made total colonized root length greater in Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e5
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee6symbiont
- Outcome
- total colonized root lengthe5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e5“Elevated CO 2 did not affect the percentage of root length colonized (RLC); although total colonized root length was greater, when plant size was taken into account this effect disappeared”
e6“inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of elevated CO2 on total colonized root length disappeared when plant size was taken into account.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e5
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee6symbiont
- Outcome
- total colonized root lengthe5
- Direction
- disappearede5
- Qualifier
- when plant size was taken into accounte5
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e5“Elevated CO 2 did not affect the percentage of root length colonized (RLC); although total colonized root length was greater, when plant size was taken into account this effect disappeared”
e6“inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 had no effect on root length colonized by arbuscules in Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e5
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee7symbiont
- Outcome
- root length colonized by arbusculese6
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e5“Elevated CO 2 did not affect the percentage of root length colonized (RLC); although total colonized root length was greater, when plant size was taken into account this effect disappeared”
e6“This finding was also true for root length colonized by arbuscules”
e7“inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 had no effect on hyphal density in roots of Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Organ / stage
- rootse7
- Treatment
- CO 2e7
- Interactor
- Glomus mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee6symbiont
- Outcome
- hyphal densitye7
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e7“No CO 2 effect was found on hyphal density (colonization intensity) in roots”
e6“inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased the P content of Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens plants.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e3
- Outcome
- P contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e3“The P content of plants was increased at elevated CO 2 , although both shoot and root tissue P concentration were unchanged”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 left shoot and root tissue P concentration unchanged in Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Organ / stage
- shoot and root tissuee3
- Treatment
- elevated CO 2e3
- Outcome
- tissue P concentratione3
- Direction
- unchangede3
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e3“The P content of plants was increased at elevated CO 2 , although both shoot and root tissue P concentration were unchanged”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus inflow was unaffected by CO2 concentrations in Plantago lanceolata and Trifolium repens.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.Trifolium repensPlantago lanceolatae1
- Treatment
- CO 2 concentrationse3
- Outcome
- Phosphorus inflowe3
- Direction
- unaffectede3
- Comparator
- ambiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plantago lanceolata L. and Trifolium repens L.”
e2“were grown for 16 wk in ambient (360 μmol mol −1 ) and elevated (610 μmol mol −1 ) atmospheric CO 2”
e3“Phosphorus inflow was unaffected by CO 2 concentrations”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · nutrient: content · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
co2 · nutrient: content · Plantago lanceolata (narrow-leaved plantain)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
co2 · growth · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →co2 · molecular: metabolites · Plantago lanceolata (narrow-leaved plantain)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
co2 · Funneliformis mosseae · Plantago lanceolata (narrow-leaved plantain)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.