Abstract
K oller , D., A. P oljakoff ‐M ayber , A. B erg , and T. D iskin . (Hebrew U., Jerusalem, Israel.) Germination‐regulating mechanisms in Citrullus colocynthis. Amer. Jour. Bot. 50(6): 597–603. Illus. 1963.—Intact seeds from mature, dry fruits of Citrullus colocynthis, collected in the southern Negev desert, did not germinate under a wide variety of experimental conditions. This inhibition was imposed by the testa, since germination was made possible by mechanically forcing open the testa, or by its complete removal. However, various pretreatments, including some which modified or even pierced the testa, failed to effect germination. No inhibitors were found in the testa and the manner in which it inhibits germination is yet unknown. How this inhibition is overcome in nature is also unknown. Germination of decoated seeds was inhibited by continuous light in combination with temperatures below 25 C. Removal of the inner seed membrane removed this inhibition, but, growth of the naked embryos at all temperatures was greatly reduced by continuous light, which also strongly influenced early development. An intact inner seed membrane had no effect on germination in darkness, but inhibited it in light at temperatures below 25 C. Inhibitory effects of the inner seed membrane could be duplicated by enclosing the naked embryos in moist filter paper and are thus probably the result of an interference with exchange of respiratory gases between the embryo and the atmosphere. Very low light intensities sufficed to inhibit decoated seeds, but at least 12‐hr daily illumination was required to produce significant inhibition. The blue region of the visible spectrum, transmitted by green and blue cellophane filters, was the most inhibitory. The site of light perception was located in the radicular portions of the embryo.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Intact mature dry seeds did not germinate under a wide variety of conditions.
- Taxon
- Citrullus colocynthis
Citrullus colocynthise0 - Organ / stage
- Intact seedse0
- Outcome
- did not germinatee0
- Setting
- southern Negev deserte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intact seeds from mature, dry fruits of Citrullus colocynthis, collected in the southern Negev desert, did not germinate under a wide variety of experimental conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Opening or removing the testa made germination possible.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- mechanically forcing open the testa, or by its complete removale0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination was made possible by mechanically forcing open the testa, or by its complete removal”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Other pretreatments, including ones modifying or piercing the testa, did not induce germination.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- various pretreatmentse0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- failed to effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“various pretreatments, including some which modified or even pierced the testa, failed to effect germination”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
No inhibitors were found in the testa.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Organ / stage
- testae0
- Outcome
- No inhibitors were founde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No inhibitors were found in the testa”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous light below 25 C inhibited germination of decoated seeds.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Organ / stage
- decoated seedse0
- Treatment
- continuous lighte0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- temperatures below 25 Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of decoated seeds was inhibited by continuous light in combination with temperatures below 25 C.”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing the inner seed membrane removed light inhibition of germination.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- Removal of the inner seed membranee0
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- removede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Removal of the inner seed membrane removed this inhibition”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous light greatly reduced naked embryo growth at all temperatures and strongly influenced early development.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Organ / stage
- naked embryose0
- Treatment
- continuous lighte0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- greatly reducede0
- Qualifier
- at all temperaturese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth of the naked embryos at all temperatures was greatly reduced by continuous light, which also strongly influenced early development”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
The intact inner seed membrane inhibited germination in light below 25 C but had no effect in darkness.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- An intact inner seed membranee0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- in light at temperatures below 25 Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An intact inner seed membrane had no effect on germination in darkness, but inhibited it in light at temperatures below 25 C.”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Moist filter paper reproduced the membrane inhibitory effect, suggesting interference with respiratory gas exchange.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- enclosing the naked embryos in moist filter papere0
- Outcome
- Inhibitory effectse0
- Qualifier
- probably the result of an interference with exchange of respiratory gases between the embryo and the atmospheree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inhibitory effects of the inner seed membrane could be duplicated by enclosing the naked embryos in moist filter paper and are thus probably the result of an interference with exchange of respiratory gases between the embryo and the atmosphere.”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Very low light intensities inhibited decoated seeds.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- Very low light intensitiese0
- Outcome
- decoated seedse0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Very low light intensities sufficed to inhibit decoated seeds”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
At least 12‐hr daily illumination was required for significant inhibition.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- at least 12‐hr daily illuminatione0
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 12‐hre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at least 12‐hr daily illumination was required to produce significant inhibition”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue visible light was most inhibitory.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Treatment
- The blue region of the visible spectrume0
- Outcome
- most inhibitorye0
- Direction
- most inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The blue region of the visible spectrum, transmitted by green and blue cellophane filters, was the most inhibitory.”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
Claim · model-written summary
Light perception was located in the radicular embryo portions.
- Taxon
- CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHISCitrullus colocynthist0
- Organ / stage
- radicular portions of the embryoe0
- Outcome
- site of light perceptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The site of light perception was located in the radicular portions of the embryo.”
t0“CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Citrullus colocynthis (colocynth)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.