Paper · 1990 · Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

Quantitative and Morphological Studies on Starch of Apple Fruit during Development

Akemi OHMIYA; Norio KAKIUCHI

6
claims
11
verbatim quotes
17
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The starch content of apple fruit (Males domestica Borkh `Jonagold ') during development varied depending on the location in the flesh. The most prominent feature was the higher starch content and lower decrease rate in the outer part of the flesh than in the inner and middle part of the flesh. Light microscopy observations coincided well with the analytical data . Examination with a scanning electron microscope showed that starch granules were spherical in shape with a smooth surface and were composed of several fragments . The distribution pattern of the granule size in every part of the flesh did not reveal any significant changes during fruit development. Furthermore, at the late stage of development , the magnitude of the decrease of the mean diameter of starch granules could not account for the decrease of the starch content. These facts indicate that starch degradation of `Jonagold' fruit starts mainly from inside of the granules.

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Claims 6

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Outer flesh had higher starch content than inner and middle flesh.

Taxon
apple fruitMalus domesticae1
Organ / stage
outer part of the fleshe0
Outcome
starch contente0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
inner and middle part of the fleshe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“higher starch content and lower decrease rate in the outer part of the flesh than in the inner and middle part of the flesh.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 171–295 · show in text ↑
e1

“starch content of apple fruit”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4–33 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Outer flesh had a lower rate of starch decrease than inner and middle flesh.

Taxon
apple fruitMalus domesticae1
Organ / stage
outer part of the fleshe0
Outcome
decrease ratee0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
inner and middle part of the fleshe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“higher starch content and lower decrease rate in the outer part of the flesh than in the inner and middle part of the flesh.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 171–295 · show in text ↑
e1

“starch content of apple fruit”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4–33 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Starch granules were spherical, smooth and composed of several fragments.

Taxon
apple fruitMalus domesticae1
Outcome
starch granules were spherical in shape with a smooth surface and were composed of several fragmentse0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“starch granules were spherical in shape with a smooth surface and were composed of several fragments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 428–528 · show in text ↑
e1

“starch content of apple fruit”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4–33 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Granule size distributions showed no significant change during fruit development.

Taxon
apple fruitMalus domesticae1
Organ / stage
fruit developmente0
Outcome
distribution pattern of the granule sizee0
Direction
did not reveal any significant changese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The distribution pattern of the granule size in every part of the flesh did not reveal any significant changes during fruit development.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 531–667 · show in text ↑
e1

“starch content of apple fruit”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4–33 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Late developmental decline in mean granule diameter could not account for starch content loss.

Taxon
apple fruitMalus domesticae1
Organ / stage
late stage of developmente0
Outcome
decrease of the starch contente0
Direction
decreasee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“at the late stage of development , the magnitude of the decrease of the mean diameter of starch granules could not account for the decrease of the starch content.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 681–843 · show in text ↑
e1

“starch content of apple fruit”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4–33 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors infer that starch degradation begins mainly inside the granules.

Taxon
Jonagolde0
Outcome
starch degradatione0
Qualifier
mainly from inside of the granulese0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“starch degradation of `Jonagold' fruit starts mainly from inside of the granules.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 870–951 · show in text ↑