Abstract
ABSTRACT Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana were grown on agar, containing up to 40 μM HgCl2. Two groups could be identified: (1) sensitive ecotypes growing only up to 30 μM and (2) tolerant ecotypes growing at 40 μM. The tolerant ecotypes accumulated up to 100 mg mercury/kg fresh weight in their rosettes. Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type Columbia (Col-wt) was analyzed in more detail and showed an exponential mercury accumulation with increasing Hg2+-concentrations in the medium. Increasing Hg2+-concentrations resulted in a delayed growth of the plants. The roundish shape of the leaves changed to a more elongated form, and the leaf color changed from dark green to bright green. Hg2+-induced transcripts of several genes known to be induced by oxidative stress were measured and compared with the induction by ozone and UV-B. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST1) and several pathogenesis-related protein (PR) mRNAs were not induced in plants grown on Hg2+-containing medium. However, ozone fumigation increased the level of all these transcripts transiently. Similarly, UV-B irradiation resulted only in a weak mRNA increase. Metallothionein 1a (MT1a) transcript accumulation increased with rising Hg2+-concentrations, whereas MT2a mRNA level was unchanged. In contrast, MT2a transcripts were induced by ozone, whereas MT1a transcripts were unaffected. UV-B irradiation had a weak effect on MT1a and no effect on MT2a transcripts. These results indicate that different abiotic stressors led to differential transcript changes of Arabidopsis thaliana. KEY WORDS: abiotic stressecotypemercury accumulationozoneUV-B
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Sensitive Arabidopsis ecotypes grew only up to 30 μM HgCl2.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Material
- sensitive ecotypese1
- Outcome
- growing only up to 30 μMe1
- Value
- 30 μMe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“sensitive ecotypes growing only up to 30 μM”
Claim · model-written summary
Tolerant Arabidopsis ecotypes grew at 40 μM HgCl2.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Material
- tolerant ecotypese1
- Outcome
- growing at 40 μMe1
- Value
- 40 μMe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“tolerant ecotypes growing at 40 μM”
Claim · model-written summary
Tolerant ecotypes accumulated up to 100 mg mercury per kg fresh weight in rosettes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Material
- tolerant ecotypese1
- Organ / stage
- rosettese1
- Outcome
- accumulatede1
- Value
- up to 100 mg mercury/kg fresh weighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“The tolerant ecotypes accumulated up to 100 mg mercury/kg fresh weight in their rosettes”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type Columbia showed an exponential mercury accumulation with increasing Hg2+ concentrations.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Material
- wild-type Columbia (Col-wt)e0
- Treatment
- increasing Hg2+-concentrationse0
- Outcome
- mercury accumulatione0
- Direction
- exponentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type Columbia (Col-wt) was analyzed in more detail and showed an exponential mercury accumulation with increasing Hg2+-concentrations in the medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Hg2+ concentrations delayed plant growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Increasing Hg2+-concentrationse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing Hg2+-concentrations resulted in a delayed growth of the plants”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Hg2+ changed the roundish leaf shape to a more elongated form.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Outcome
- roundish shape of the leavese0
- Qualifier
- changed to a more elongated forme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The roundish shape of the leaves changed to a more elongated form”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf color changed from dark green to bright green with increasing Hg2+.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Outcome
- leaf colore0
- Qualifier
- changed from dark green to bright greene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf color changed from dark green to bright green”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
GST1 and PR mRNAs were not induced in plants grown on Hg2+-containing medium.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Hg2+-containing mediume0
- Gene
- Glutathione-S-transferase (GST1)e0
- Outcome
- mRNAse0
- Direction
- not inducede0
- Qualifier
- pathogenesis-related protein (PR) mRNAse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glutathione-S-transferase (GST1) and several pathogenesis-related protein (PR) mRNAs were not induced in plants grown on Hg2+-containing medium”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone fumigation transiently increased the level of the GST1 and PR transcripts.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- ozone fumigatione0
- Outcome
- level of all these transcriptse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- transientlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, ozone fumigation increased the level of all these transcripts transiently”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B irradiation caused only a weak increase in mRNA.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- UV-B irradiatione0
- Outcome
- mRNAe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- weake0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, UV-B irradiation resulted only in a weak mRNA increase”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Metallothionein 1a (MT1a) transcript accumulation increased with rising Hg2+ concentrations.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- rising Hg2+-concentrationse0
- Gene
- Metallothionein 1a (MT1a)e0
- Outcome
- transcript accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metallothionein 1a (MT1a) transcript accumulation increased with rising Hg2+-concentrations”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
MT2a mRNA level was unchanged with rising Hg2+ concentrations.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- rising Hg2+-concentrationse0
- Gene
- MT2ae0
- Outcome
- MT2a mRNA levele0
- Direction
- unchangede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metallothionein 1a (MT1a) transcript accumulation increased with rising Hg2+-concentrations, whereas MT2a mRNA level was unchanged”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone induced MT2a transcripts.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- ozonee0
- Gene
- MT2ae0
- Outcome
- MT2a transcriptse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, MT2a transcripts were induced by ozone, whereas MT1a transcripts were unaffected”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone left MT1a transcripts unaffected.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- ozonee0
- Gene
- MT1ae0
- Outcome
- MT1a transcriptse0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, MT2a transcripts were induced by ozone, whereas MT1a transcripts were unaffected”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B irradiation had a weak effect on MT1a transcripts.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- UV-B irradiatione0
- Gene
- MT1ae0
- Outcome
- transcriptse0
- Direction
- weak effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV-B irradiation had a weak effect on MT1a and no effect on MT2a transcripts”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B irradiation had no effect on MT2a transcripts.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- UV-B irradiatione0
- Gene
- MT2ae0
- Outcome
- transcriptse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UV-B irradiation had a weak effect on MT1a and no effect on MT2a transcripts”
e1“Fourteen ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Different abiotic stressors led to differential transcript changes in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- different abiotic stressorse0
- Outcome
- transcript changese0
- Qualifier
- differentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results indicate that different abiotic stressors led to differential transcript changes of Arabidopsis thaliana”
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