Abstract
Lack of data on root growth and relationships between root parameters and P uptake are major limitations to understanding and modelling P efficiency in crop and forage plants. An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate. Plants were harvested at 10, 16, 22, 28, 34 and 40 days after transplanting and tops harvested and roots recovered from the pots. Detailed measures of root members were made at 10, 16 and 22 days and these correlated with P uptake. Dry weight of tops of accessions was the same between the two rates of P until day 28. At 40 days, the tops yield of Ladino was higher than Chiswick at P40. Root dry weight increased with increasing P application rate and time from day 16 onwards. Significant differences in root growth only occurred at the 16 and 34 day harvests at P5. Ladino tended to have a greater mean P uptake over time than did Chiswick at both P levels. P uptake was found to be positively correlated with shoot and root dry weight, root length, root number, root volume and surface area, and negatively correlated with mean root diameter and mean length per root. Root extension rate at low P in Ladino was greater than that in Chiswick, which may explain the greater P uptake by Ladino at low P at later harvests in this experiment. The changes in length, diameter and number of roots in the two accessions examined in this study, with time, in response to P, reflect some form of coordination. Chiswick tended to produce many short roots whilst Ladino fewer long roots. Only small differences in P uptake per unit root length were measured, which suggest that total root length or root extension rate is the primary determinant of total P uptake in these accessions of white clover.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Ladino tops yield was higher than Chiswick at P40 after 40 days.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repense0 - Material
- Ladinoe1
- Treatment
- P40e1
- Outcome
- tops yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- Chiswicke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e1“Dry weight of tops of accessions was the same between the two rates of P until day 28. At 40 days, the tops yield of Ladino was higher than Chiswick at P40”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weight of tops did not differ between the two P rates until day 28.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Outcome
- Dry weight of topse1
- Qualifier
- the same between the two rates of P until day 28e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e1“Dry weight of tops of accessions was the same between the two rates of P until day 28. At 40 days, the tops yield of Ladino was higher than Chiswick at P40”
Claim · model-written summary
Root dry weight increased with increasing P application rate.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- increasing P application ratee2
- Outcome
- Root dry weighte2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e2“Root dry weight increased with increasing P application rate and time from day 16 onwards. Significant differences in root growth only occurred at the 16 and 34 day harvests at P5”
Claim · model-written summary
Root growth differed significantly only at the 16 and 34 day harvests at P5.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Outcome
- root growthe2
- Qualifier
- only occurred at the 16 and 34 day harvests at P5e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e2“Root dry weight increased with increasing P application rate and time from day 16 onwards. Significant differences in root growth only occurred at the 16 and 34 day harvests at P5”
Claim · model-written summary
P uptake was positively correlated with shoot and root dry weight.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Organ / stage
- shoot and roote3
- Outcome
- P uptakee3
- Direction
- positively correlatede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e3“P uptake was found to be positively correlated with shoot and root dry weight, root length, root number, root volume and surface area, and negatively correlated with mean root diameter and mean length per root”
Claim · model-written summary
P uptake was negatively correlated with mean root diameter.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Organ / stage
- mean root diametere3
- Outcome
- P uptakee3
- Direction
- negatively correlatede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e3“P uptake was found to be positively correlated with shoot and root dry weight, root length, root number, root volume and surface area, and negatively correlated with mean root diameter and mean length per root”
Claim · model-written summary
Only small differences in P uptake per unit root length were measured.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Outcome
- P uptake per unit root lengthe5
- Qualifier
- Only small differencese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e5“Only small differences in P uptake per unit root length were measured, which suggest that total root length or root extension rate is the primary determinant of total P uptake in these accessions of white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Total root length or root extension rate is suggested to be the primary determinant of total P uptake in these accessions.
Verbatim
e5“Only small differences in P uptake per unit root length were measured, which suggest that total root length or root extension rate is the primary determinant of total P uptake in these accessions of white clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in root length, diameter and number suggest some form of coordination between the two accessions.
Verbatim
e6“The changes in length, diameter and number of roots in the two accessions examined in this study, with time, in response to P, reflect some form of coordination. Chiswick tended to produce many short roots whilst Ladino fewer long roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Chiswick tended to produce many short roots, whereas Ladino produced fewer long roots.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Material
- Chiswicke6
- Outcome
- produce many short rootse6
- Qualifier
- fewer long rootse6
- Comparator
- Ladinoe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An experiment was conducted whereby two accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens, Chiswick and Ladino) were grown in pots in a P deficient soil fertilized with a low (P5 [kg ha-1]) or high (P40) P application rate”
e6“The changes in length, diameter and number of roots in the two accessions examined in this study, with time, in response to P, reflect some form of coordination. Chiswick tended to produce many short roots whilst Ladino fewer long roots”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · growth · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.