Abstract
Abstract Crop production costs have increased in recent years, which has caused a search for more economical cultural practices. In view of this, field experiments were carried out in 2 successive years to study the effect of seeding date and foliar fertilization on grain and silage yields of corn ( Zea mays L.). The plantings ranged from 15 February to 1 April. The soil was a silty clay loam (Typic Chromoxerert). The crop was given supplemental irrigation only and received one or two foliar applications of N,P,K, and S, applied at the four‐ or five‐leaf stage. In the first year silage and grain yields decreased with each delay in planting date. The foliar application of N,P,K, and S resulted in a significant uptake on N and P, but not of K, with the increase in plant‐N being a function of seeding date. Foliar fertilization resulted in a significant 16.6% increase in grain yield, but no addition to silage yield. In the second year either one or two foliar applications of essential nutrients significantly increased silage and grain yields. Two foliar applications were significantly more effective than one application in increasing silage yield, but not grain yield. In both years yields of the February and March plantings were affected by low soil and air temperatures during the seedling stage; the yields of the April seeding were affected by a shortage of moisture from silking through grain fill. Planting early was critical for obtaining maximum benefits from foliar fertilization when applied at the four‐ or five‐leaf stage. Foliar application of N,P,K, and S resulted in yield increases of both silage and grain if moisture was not limiting from silking to physiological maturity.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
In year one, delaying planting decreased corn silage and grain yields.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- delay in planting datee0
- Outcome
- silage and grain yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the first year silage and grain yields decreased with each delay in planting date”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar N, P, K and S significantly increased plant N and P uptake.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- foliar application of N,P,K, and Se0
- Outcome
- uptake on N and Pe0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of N,P,K, and S resulted in a significant uptake on N and P”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar N, P, K and S did not increase K uptake.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- foliar application of N,P,K, and Se0
- Outcome
- Ke0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of N,P,K, and S resulted in a significant uptake on N and P, but not of K”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in plant N from foliar fertilization depended on seeding date.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- seeding datee0
- Outcome
- plant‐Ne0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in plant‐N being a function of seeding date”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilization significantly increased grain yield by 16.6% in year one.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Foliar fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 16.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar fertilization resulted in a significant 16.6% increase in grain yield”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilization did not add to silage yield in year one.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Foliar fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- silage yielde0
- Direction
- no additione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar fertilization resulted in a significant 16.6% increase in grain yield, but no addition to silage yield”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
One or two foliar nutrient applications significantly increased silage yield in year two.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- one or two foliar applications of essential nutrientse0
- Outcome
- silagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year either one or two foliar applications of essential nutrients significantly increased silage and grain yields”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
One or two foliar nutrient applications significantly increased grain yield in year two.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- one or two foliar applications of essential nutrientse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year either one or two foliar applications of essential nutrients significantly increased silage and grain yields”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Two foliar applications increased silage yield significantly more than one application.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Two foliar applicationse0
- Outcome
- silage yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- one applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two foliar applications were significantly more effective than one application in increasing silage yield”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Two foliar applications did not outperform one for grain yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Two foliar applicationse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Comparator
- one applicatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two foliar applications were significantly more effective than one application in increasing silage yield, but not grain yield”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Low soil and air temperatures during seedlings affected February and March yields.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- low soil and air temperaturese0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Qualifier
- February and March plantingse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields of the February and March plantings were affected by low soil and air temperatures during the seedling stage”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Moisture shortage from silking through grain fill affected April seeding yields.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- shortage of moisturee0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Qualifier
- April seedinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yields of the April seeding were affected by a shortage of moisture from silking through grain fill”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Early planting was considered critical for maximum benefit from foliar fertilization at the four- or five-leaf stage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- Planting earlye0
- Qualifier
- four‐ or five‐leaf stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting early was critical for obtaining maximum benefits from foliar fertilization when applied at the four‐ or five‐leaf stage”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar N, P, K and S increased silage and grain yields if moisture was not limiting from silking to maturity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of N,P,K, and Se0
- Outcome
- silage and graine0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- if moisture was not limiting from silking to physiological maturitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of N,P,K, and S resulted in yield increases of both silage and grain if moisture was not limiting from silking to physiological maturity”
t0“Corn Grown for Silage and Grain”
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