Abstract
Plant growth is greatly affected by drought and low temperature. Expression of a number of genes is induced by both drought and low temperature, although these stresses are quite different. Previous experiments have established that a cis-acting element named DRE (for dehydration-responsive element) plays an important role in both dehydration- and low-temperature-induced gene expression in Arabidopsis. Two cDNA clones that encode DRE binding proteins, DREB1A and DREB2A, were isolated by using the yeast one-hybrid screening technique. The two cDNA libraries were prepared from dehydrated and cold-treated rosette plants, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences of DREB1A and DREB2A showed no significant sequence similarity, except in the conserved DNA binding domains found in the EREBP and APETALA2 proteins that function in ethylene-responsive expression and floral morphogenesis, respectively. Both the DREB1A and DREB2A proteins specifically bound to the DRE sequence in vitro and activated the transcription of the b-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the DRE sequence in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts. Expression of the DREB1A gene and its two homologs was induced by low-temperature stress, whereas expression of the DREB2A gene and its single homolog was induced by dehydration. Overexpression of the DREB1A cDNA in transgenic Arabidopsis plants not only induced strong expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions but also caused dwarfed phenotypes in the transgenic plants. These transgenic plants also revealed freezing and dehydration tolerance. In contrast, overexpression of the DREB2A cDNA induced weak expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions and caused growth retardation of the transgenic plants. These results indicate that two independent families of DREB proteins, DREB1 and DREB2, function as trans-acting factors in two separate signal transduction pathways under low-temperature and dehydration conditions, respectively.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
DREB1A and DREB2A cDNAs encoding DRE binding proteins were isolated.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Gene
- DREB1A and DREB2Ae0
- Outcome
- cDNA clones that encode DRE binding proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two cDNA clones that encode DRE binding proteins, DREB1A and DREB2A, were isolated by using the yeast one-hybrid screening technique.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB1A and DREB2A sequences lacked significant similarity except at conserved DNA binding domains.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- DREB1A and DREB2Ae0
- Outcome
- sequence similaritye0
- Comparator
- conserved DNA binding domainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The deduced amino acid sequences of DREB1A and DREB2A showed no significant sequence similarity, except in the conserved DNA binding domains found in the EREBP and APETALA2 proteins that function in ethylene-responsive expression and floral morphogenesis, respectively.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB1A specifically bound the DRE sequence in vitro.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- DREB1Ae0
- Outcome
- bound to the DRE sequencee0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both the DREB1A and DREB2A proteins specifically bound to the DRE sequence in vitro and activated the transcription of the b-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the DRE sequence in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB1A activated transcription of the DRE-driven reporter gene in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- leaf protoplastse0
- Gene
- DREB1Ae0
- Outcome
- activated the transcription of the b-glucuronidase reporter genee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both the DREB1A and DREB2A proteins specifically bound to the DRE sequence in vitro and activated the transcription of the b-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the DRE sequence in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB2A specifically bound the DRE sequence in vitro.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- DREB2Ae0
- Outcome
- bound to the DRE sequencee0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both the DREB1A and DREB2A proteins specifically bound to the DRE sequence in vitro and activated the transcription of the b-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the DRE sequence in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB2A activated transcription of the DRE-driven reporter gene in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- leaf protoplastse0
- Gene
- DREB2Ae0
- Outcome
- activated the transcription of the b-glucuronidase reporter genee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both the DREB1A and DREB2A proteins specifically bound to the DRE sequence in vitro and activated the transcription of the b-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the DRE sequence in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature induced expression of DREB1A and two homologs.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- low-temperature stresse0
- Gene
- DREB1Ae0
- Outcome
- Expression of the DREB1A gene and its two homologse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of the DREB1A gene and its two homologs was induced by low-temperature stress, whereas expression of the DREB2A gene and its single homolog was induced by dehydration.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Dehydration induced expression of DREB2A and its homolog.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- dehydratione0
- Gene
- DREB2Ae0
- Outcome
- expression of the DREB2A gene and its single homologe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of the DREB1A gene and its two homologs was induced by low-temperature stress, whereas expression of the DREB2A gene and its single homolog was induced by dehydration.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB1A overexpression strongly induced target gene expression without stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of the DREB1A cDNAe0
- Gene
- DREB1Ae0
- Outcome
- expression of the target genese0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- under unstressed conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overexpression of the DREB1A cDNA in transgenic Arabidopsis plants not only induced strong expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions but also caused dwarfed phenotypes in the transgenic plants.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB1A overexpression caused dwarf phenotypes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of the DREB1A cDNAe0
- Gene
- DREB1Ae0
- Outcome
- dwarfed phenotypese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overexpression of the DREB1A cDNA in transgenic Arabidopsis plants not only induced strong expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions but also caused dwarfed phenotypes in the transgenic plants.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB1A transgenic plants exhibited freezing and dehydration tolerance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- transgenic plantse0
- Outcome
- freezing and dehydration tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These transgenic plants also revealed freezing and dehydration tolerance.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB2A overexpression weakly induced target gene expression without stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- overexpression of the DREB2A cDNAe0
- Gene
- DREB2Ae0
- Outcome
- expression of the target genese0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- under unstressed conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, overexpression of the DREB2A cDNA induced weak expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions and caused growth retardation of the transgenic plants.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
DREB2A overexpression caused growth retardation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- overexpression of the DREB2A cDNAe0
- Gene
- DREB2Ae0
- Outcome
- growth retardatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, overexpression of the DREB2A cDNA induced weak expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions and caused growth retardation of the transgenic plants.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that DREB1 and DREB2 act in separate low-temperature and dehydration signal pathways.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- DREB1 and DREB2e0
- Outcome
- two separate signal transduction pathwayse0
- Qualifier
- under low-temperature and dehydration conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results indicate that two independent families of DREB proteins, DREB1 and DREB2, function as trans-acting factors in two separate signal transduction pathways under low-temperature and dehydration conditions, respectively.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
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