Abstract
Lead and cadmium are both highly toxic pollutants and pose potential risks to the environment and human health. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation and organic amendments may make a potential contribution to phytoremediation of these toxic metals, but their effects remain unclear. We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants. Results showed that AM colonization was greatly reduced when exposed to more heavy metals especially Cd, whereas organic amendment alleviated metal stress and showed protective effects. In general, AM inoculation and cattle manure, singly or in combination, all significantly increased tobacco growth and Pb and Cd accumulation in shoots and roots, while decreased DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations in soil, and combination treatments (MN) produced the most pronounced positive effects. Improved plant P nutrition, higher soil pH and lower available metal concentrations contributed by AM inoculation and/or organic amendment may be the main strategies to alleviate metal toxicity and enhance phytoremediation efficiency. Our results indicate that AM fungi and organic manure play a synergistic positive role both in phytoextraction and phytostabilization of Cd and Pb.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
AM colonization of tobacco was greatly reduced when exposed to more heavy metals, especially Cd.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- more heavy metals especially Cde1
- Interactor
- AM fungiGlomeromycotae4symbiont
- Outcome
- AM colonizatione1
- Direction
- greatly reducede1
- Setting
- pot culture experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e1“AM colonization was greatly reduced when exposed to more heavy metals especially Cd, whereas organic amendment alleviated metal stress and showed protective effects”
e4“AM fungi and organic manure play a synergistic positive role both in phytoextraction and phytostabilization of Cd and Pb”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic amendment alleviated metal stress in tobacco and showed protective effects.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- organic amendmente1
- Outcome
- metal stresse1
- Direction
- alleviatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e1“AM colonization was greatly reduced when exposed to more heavy metals especially Cd, whereas organic amendment alleviated metal stress and showed protective effects”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation and cattle manure, singly or in combination, significantly increased tobacco growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- AM inoculation and cattle manure, singly or in combinatione2
- Outcome
- tobacco growthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Setting
- pot culture experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e2“AM inoculation and cattle manure, singly or in combination, all significantly increased tobacco growth and Pb and Cd accumulation in shoots and roots, while decreased DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations in soil, and combination treatments (MN) produced the most pronounced positive effects”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation and cattle manure significantly increased Pb and Cd accumulation in tobacco shoots and roots.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- AM inoculation and cattle manuree2
- Outcome
- Pb and Cd accumulation in shoots and rootse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e2“AM inoculation and cattle manure, singly or in combination, all significantly increased tobacco growth and Pb and Cd accumulation in shoots and roots, while decreased DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations in soil, and combination treatments (MN) produced the most pronounced positive effects”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation and cattle manure decreased DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations in soil planted with tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- AM inoculation and cattle manuree2
- Outcome
- DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations in soile2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e2“AM inoculation and cattle manure, singly or in combination, all significantly increased tobacco growth and Pb and Cd accumulation in shoots and roots, while decreased DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations in soil, and combination treatments (MN) produced the most pronounced positive effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Combination treatments (MN) produced the most pronounced positive effects in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- combination treatments (MN)e2
- Outcome
- most pronounced positive effectse2
- Direction
- most pronouncede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e2“AM inoculation and cattle manure, singly or in combination, all significantly increased tobacco growth and Pb and Cd accumulation in shoots and roots, while decreased DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd concentrations in soil, and combination treatments (MN) produced the most pronounced positive effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved plant P nutrition, higher soil pH and lower available metal concentrations may be the main strategies by which AM inoculation and organic amendment alleviate metal toxicity in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- AM inoculation and/or organic amendmente3
- Outcome
- alleviate metal toxicity and enhance phytoremediation efficiencye3
- Qualifier
- Improved plant P nutrition, higher soil pH and lower available metal concentrationse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e3“Improved plant P nutrition, higher soil pH and lower available metal concentrations contributed by AM inoculation and/or organic amendment may be the main strategies to alleviate metal toxicity and enhance phytoremediation efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
AM fungi and organic manure play a synergistic positive role in phytoextraction and phytostabilization of Cd and Pb in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- AM fungi and organic manuree4
- Interactor
- AM fungiGlomeromycotae4symbiont
- Outcome
- phytoextraction and phytostabilization of Cd and Pbe4
- Direction
- positivee4
- Qualifier
- synergistice4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We conducted a pot culture experiment to study the contribution of AM inoculation and/or cattle manure to phytoremediation of two soils artificially polluted with 0, 350, 500 and 1000 mg Pb per kg soil or 0, 1, 10, 100 mg Cd per kg soil using tobacco plants”
e4“AM fungi and organic manure play a synergistic positive role both in phytoextraction and phytostabilization of Cd and Pb”
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