Abstract
Although many studies have emphasized the importance of auxin in plant growth and development, the thorough understanding of its effect on pollen-pistil interactions is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of free IAA in pollen-pistil interactions during pollen germination and tube growth in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using histo and subcellular immunolocalization with auxin monoclonal antibodies, quantification by HPLC and ELISA together with GUS staining in DR5::GUS-transformed plants. The results showed that free IAA in unpollinated styles was higher in the apical part and basal part than in the middle part, and it was more abundant in the transmitting tissue (TT). At the stage of pollen germination, IAA reached its highest content in the stigma and was mainly distributed in TT. After the pollen tubes entered the styles, the signal increased in the part where pollen tubes would enter and then rapidly declined in the part where pollen tubes had penetrated. Subcellular localization confirmed the presence of IAA in TT cells of stigmas and styles. Accordingly, a schematic diagram summarizes the changing pattern of free IAA level during flowering, pollination and pollen tube growth. Furthermore, we presented evidence that low concentration of exogenous IAA could, to a certain extent, facilitate in vitro pollen tube growth. These results suggest that IAA may be directly or indirectly involved in the pollen-pistil interactions. Additionally, some improvements of the IAA immunolocalization technique were made.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Free IAA was higher in apical and basal unpollinated style regions than the middle.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Organ / stage
- unpollinated stylese0
- Outcome
- free IAA in unpollinated stylese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- middle parte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“free IAA in unpollinated styles was higher in the apical part and basal part than in the middle part”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
Free IAA was more abundant in transmitting tissue of unpollinated styles.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- transmitting tissue (TT)e0
- Outcome
- more abundante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was more abundant in the transmitting tissue (TT)”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA reached its highest stigma content during pollen germination and was mainly distributed in transmitting tissue.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- stigmae0
- Outcome
- IAA reached its highest contente0
- Qualifier
- At the stage of pollen germinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the stage of pollen germination, IAA reached its highest content in the stigma and was mainly distributed in TT”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
After tubes entered styles, IAA signal increased ahead of tube entry.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- part where pollen tubes would entere0
- Outcome
- signale0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the signal increased in the part where pollen tubes would enter”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
After tubes entered styles, IAA signal rapidly declined where tubes had penetrated.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- part where pollen tubes had penetratede0
- Outcome
- signale0
- Direction
- rapidly declinede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the signal increased in the part where pollen tubes would enter and then rapidly declined in the part where pollen tubes had penetrated”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA was confirmed in transmitting tissue cells of stigmas and styles.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- TT cells of stigmas and stylese0
- Outcome
- presence of IAAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subcellular localization confirmed the presence of IAA in TT cells of stigmas and styles”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
Low exogenous IAA concentration facilitated in vitro pollen tube growth to an extent.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- low concentration of exogenous IAAe0
- Outcome
- pollen tube growthe0
- Direction
- facilitatee0
- Qualifier
- to a certain extente0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low concentration of exogenous IAA could, to a certain extent, facilitate in vitro pollen tube growth”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggested IAA may participate directly or indirectly in pollen pistil interactions.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Compound
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- pollen-pistil interactionse0
- Qualifier
- directly or indirectlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IAA may be directly or indirectly involved in the pollen-pistil interactions”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors reported improvements to their IAA immunolocalization technique.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- improvements of the IAA immunolocalization techniquee0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some improvements of the IAA immunolocalization technique were made”
t0“in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using”
The same questions in other papers
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12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.