Abstract
Abstract Five fertilizers, monoammonium orthophosphate (MAP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), triammonium pyrophosphate (TAPP), urea orthophosphate (UOP), and urea polyphosphate (UPP) were compared in the field and growth chamber using wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) as the test crop. They were tested with and without the nitrification inhibitor 2‐chloro‐6‐(trichloromethyl)‐pyridine (N‐Serve). In both the field and growth chamber tests, the use of the nitrification inhibitor, to maintain greater levels of ammonium‐N in the soil, with the ammonium and urea phosphates increased the percent P and P‐uptake of vegetative wheat plants prior to heading significantly above the levels obtained without the nitrification inhibitor. However, the increased uptake of P during early stages of growth did not affect the yield of grain significantly. Ammonium polyphosphates (APP and TAPP) and urea phosphates (UOP and UPP) were more effective fertilizers than MAP in both the field and growth chamber. In the field, wheat receiving ammonium polyphosphates and urea phosphates sustained its dry matter production and P‐uptake after heading (adding 23% of their dry matter and 22% of their P‐uptake between heading and harvest) while wheat with MAP added little to its total dry matter or P‐uptake after heading. Using phosphate fertilizers increased P levels in wheat and depressed Ca, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the herbage. In the case of Zn, TAPP showed less depressive effect on concentration than MAP; the Zn levels were 13.2, 15.7, and 25.9 ppm for MAP, TAPP, and no P, respectively.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrification inhibition with ammonium and urea phosphates significantly increased preheading wheat percent phosphorus and phosphorus uptake.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- vegetativee0
- Treatment
- the use of the nitrification inhibitore0
- Outcome
- percent P and P‐uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- prior to headinge0
- Comparator
- without the nitrification inhibitore0
- Setting
- field and growth chambere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both the field and growth chamber tests, the use of the nitrification inhibitor, to maintain greater levels of ammonium‐N in the soil, with the ammonium and urea phosphates increased the percent P and P‐uptake of vegetative wheat plants prior to heading significantly above the levels obtained without the nitrification inhibitor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased early phosphorus uptake did not significantly affect wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increased uptake of Pe0
- Outcome
- yield of graine0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the increased uptake of P during early stages of growth did not affect the yield of grain significantly.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium polyphosphates were more effective fertilizers than MAP in field and chamber tests.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ammonium polyphosphates (APP and TAPP)e0
- Outcome
- more effective fertilizerse0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- MAPe0
- Setting
- field and growth chambere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium polyphosphates (APP and TAPP) and urea phosphates (UOP and UPP) were more effective fertilizers than MAP in both the field and growth chamber.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea phosphates were more effective fertilizers than MAP in field and chamber tests.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- urea phosphates (UOP and UPP)e0
- Outcome
- more effective fertilizerse0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- MAPe0
- Setting
- field and growth chambere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium polyphosphates (APP and TAPP) and urea phosphates (UOP and UPP) were more effective fertilizers than MAP in both the field and growth chamber.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Field wheat given ammonium polyphosphates added 23% of dry matter between heading and harvest, whereas MAP wheat added little.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ammonium polyphosphatese0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- addinge0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Qualifier
- between heading and harveste0
- Comparator
- MAPe0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, wheat receiving ammonium polyphosphates and urea phosphates sustained its dry matter production and P‐uptake after heading (adding 23% of their dry matter and 22% of their P‐uptake between heading and harvest) while wheat with MAP added little to its total dry matter or P‐uptake after heading.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field wheat given urea phosphates added 23% of dry matter between heading and harvest, whereas MAP wheat added little.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- urea phosphatese0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- addinge0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Qualifier
- between heading and harveste0
- Comparator
- MAPe0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, wheat receiving ammonium polyphosphates and urea phosphates sustained its dry matter production and P‐uptake after heading (adding 23% of their dry matter and 22% of their P‐uptake between heading and harvest) while wheat with MAP added little to its total dry matter or P‐uptake after heading.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field wheat given ammonium polyphosphates added 22% of phosphorus uptake between heading and harvest, whereas MAP wheat added little.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ammonium polyphosphatese0
- Outcome
- P‐uptakee0
- Direction
- addinge0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Qualifier
- between heading and harveste0
- Comparator
- MAPe0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, wheat receiving ammonium polyphosphates and urea phosphates sustained its dry matter production and P‐uptake after heading (adding 23% of their dry matter and 22% of their P‐uptake between heading and harvest) while wheat with MAP added little to its total dry matter or P‐uptake after heading.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field wheat given urea phosphates added 22% of phosphorus uptake between heading and harvest, whereas MAP wheat added little.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- urea phosphatese0
- Outcome
- P‐uptakee0
- Direction
- addinge0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Qualifier
- between heading and harveste0
- Comparator
- MAPe0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field, wheat receiving ammonium polyphosphates and urea phosphates sustained its dry matter production and P‐uptake after heading (adding 23% of their dry matter and 22% of their P‐uptake between heading and harvest) while wheat with MAP added little to its total dry matter or P‐uptake after heading.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate fertilizer increased wheat phosphorus levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- phosphate fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- P levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Using phosphate fertilizers increased P levels in wheat and depressed Ca, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the herbage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate fertilizer depressed wheat herbage calcium, manganese and zinc concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- herbagee0
- Treatment
- phosphate fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Ca, Mn, and Zn concentrationse0
- Direction
- depressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Using phosphate fertilizers increased P levels in wheat and depressed Ca, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the herbage.”
Claim · model-written summary
TAPP depressed wheat zinc concentration less than MAP.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- TAPPe0
- Outcome
- Zn levelse0
- Direction
- less depressive effecte0
- Comparator
- MAPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the case of Zn, TAPP showed less depressive effect on concentration than MAP; the Zn levels were 13.2, 15.7, and 25.9 ppm for MAP, TAPP, and no P, respectively.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat zinc concentration with MAP was 13.2 ppm.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- MAPe0
- Outcome
- Zn levelse0
- Value
- 13.2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Zn levels were 13.2, 15.7, and 25.9 ppm for MAP, TAPP, and no P, respectively.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat zinc concentration with TAPP was 15.7 ppm.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- TAPPe0
- Outcome
- Zn levelse0
- Value
- 15.7e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Zn levels were 13.2, 15.7, and 25.9 ppm for MAP, TAPP, and no P, respectively.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat zinc concentration without phosphorus was 25.9 ppm.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- no Pe0
- Outcome
- Zn levelse0
- Value
- 25.9 ppme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Zn levels were 13.2, 15.7, and 25.9 ppm for MAP, TAPP, and no P, respectively.”
t0“Wheat”
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