Abstract
ABSTRACT The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials. Regardless of plant source, seed meal amendment significantly improved apple growth in all orchard soils; however, relative differences in pathogen suppression were observed. All seed meals suppressed root infection by native Rhizoctonia spp. and an introduced isolate of Rhizoctonia solani AG-5, though B. juncea seed meal often generated a lower level of disease control relative to other seed meal types. When introduction of the pathogen was delayed until 4 to 8 weeks post seed meal amendment, disease suppression was associated with proliferation of resident Streptomyces spp. and not qualitative or quantitative attributes of seed meal glucosinolate content. Using the same experimental system, when soils were pasteurized prior to pathogen infestation, control of R. solani was eliminated regardless of seed meal type. In the case of B. juncea seed meal amendment, the mechanism of R. solani suppression varied in a temporal manner, which initially was associated with the generation of allylisothiocyanate and was not affected by soil pasteurization. Among those tested, only B. juncea seed meal did not stimulate orchard soil populations of Pythium spp. and infection of apple roots by these oomycetes. Although application of B. napus seed meal alone consistently induced an increase in Pythium spp. populations, no significant increase in Pythium spp. populations was observed in response to a composite B. juncea and B. napus seed meal amendment. Suppression of soil populations and root infestation by Pratylenchus spp. was dependent upon seed meal type, with only B. juncea providing sustained nematode control. Collectively, these studies suggest that use of a composite B. juncea and B. napus seed meal mixture can provide superior control of the pathogen complex inciting apple replant disease relative to either seed meal used alone.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal amendment significantly improved apple growth in all orchard soils
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- seed meal amendmente1
- Outcome
- apple growthe1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Qualifier
- in all orchard soilse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e1“Regardless of plant source, seed meal amendment significantly improved apple growth in all orchard soils”
Claim · model-written summary
All seed meals suppressed root infection by native Rhizoctonia spp. and an introduced isolate of Rhizoctonia solani AG-5
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- seed mealse2
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia spp.
.jpg?width=60)
Rhizoctoniae2pathogen - Outcome
- root infectione2
- Direction
- suppressede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e2“All seed meals suppressed root infection by native Rhizoctonia spp. and an introduced isolate of Rhizoctonia solani AG-5”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica juncea seed meal often gave a lower level of disease control than the other seed meal types
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- B. juncea seed meale3
- Outcome
- level of disease controle3
- Direction
- lowere3
- Qualifier
- oftene3
- Comparator
- other seed meal typese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e3“though B. juncea seed meal often generated a lower level of disease control relative to other seed meal types”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease suppression was associated with increased proliferation of resident Streptomyces spp. when pathogen introduction was delayed 4 to 8 weeks after seed meal amendment
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- seed meal amendmente4
- Interactor
- Streptomyces spp.
Streptomycese4other - Outcome
- proliferation of resident Streptomyces spp.e4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
- Qualifier
- delayed until 4 to 8 weeks post seed meal amendmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e4“When introduction of the pathogen was delayed until 4 to 8 weeks post seed meal amendment, disease suppression was associated with proliferation of resident Streptomyces spp. and not qualitative or quantitative attributes of seed meal glucosinolate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease suppression was not associated with the glucosinolate content of the seed meal
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- seed meal amendmente4
- Compound
- glucosinolate contente4
- Outcome
- disease suppressione4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e4“When introduction of the pathogen was delayed until 4 to 8 weeks post seed meal amendment, disease suppression was associated with proliferation of resident Streptomyces spp. and not qualitative or quantitative attributes of seed meal glucosinolate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Early suppression of R. solani by B. juncea seed meal was associated with allylisothiocyanate generation
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- B. juncea seed meal amendmente5
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie5pathogen - Compound
- allylisothiocyanatee5
- Outcome
- mechanism of R. solani suppressione5
- Qualifier
- not affected by soil pasteurizatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e5“In the case of B. juncea seed meal amendment, the mechanism of R. solani suppression varied in a temporal manner, which initially was associated with the generation of allylisothiocyanate and was not affected by soil pasteurization”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pasteurization eliminated the control of R. solani by seed meals regardless of seed meal type
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- soil pasteurizatione5
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie6pathogen
- Outcome
- control of R. solanie6
- Direction
- eliminatede6
- Qualifier
- regardless of seed meal typee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e5“In the case of B. juncea seed meal amendment, the mechanism of R. solani suppression varied in a temporal manner, which initially was associated with the generation of allylisothiocyanate and was not affected by soil pasteurization”
e6“when soils were pasteurized prior to pathogen infestation, control of R. solani was eliminated regardless of seed meal type”
Claim · model-written summary
Among the seed meals tested, only B. juncea seed meal did not stimulate Pythium spp. populations or Pythium infection of apple roots
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- B. juncea seed meale7
- Outcome
- orchard soil populations of Pythium spp. and infection of apple rootse7
- Direction
- did not stimulatee7
- Comparator
- those testede7
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PythiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e7“Among those tested, only B. juncea seed meal did not stimulate orchard soil populations of Pythium spp. and infection of apple roots by these oomycetes”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica napus seed meal alone consistently increased Pythium spp. populations
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- B. napus seed meale1
- Outcome
- Pythium spp. populationse1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- consistentlye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e1“Although application of B. napus seed meal alone consistently induced an increase in Pythium spp. populations”
Claim · model-written summary
The composite B. juncea and B. napus seed meal did not significantly increase Pythium spp. populations
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- composite B. juncea and B. napus seed meal amendmente1
- Outcome
- Pythium spp. populationse1
- Direction
- no significant increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e1“no significant increase in Pythium spp. populations was observed in response to a composite B. juncea and B. napus seed meal amendment”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppression of soil populations and root infestation by Pratylenchus spp. depended on seed meal type, with only B. juncea giving sustained nematode control
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- seed meal typee1
- Interactor
- Pratylenchus spp.
Pratylenchuse1pest - Outcome
- soil populations and root infestatione1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Qualifier
- with only B. juncea providing sustained nematode controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of seed meals derived from Brassica juncea, B. napus, or Sinapis alba on suppression of soilborne pathogens inciting replant disease of apple was evaluated in greenhouse trials”
e1“Suppression of soil populations and root infestation by Pratylenchus spp. was dependent upon seed meal type, with only B. juncea providing sustained nematode control”
Claim · model-written summary
A composite B. juncea and B. napus seed meal mixture may give superior control of the pathogen complex inciting apple replant disease compared with either seed meal used alone
Verbatim
e1“Collectively, these studies suggest that use of a composite B. juncea and B. napus seed meal mixture can provide superior control of the pathogen complex inciting apple replant disease relative to either seed meal used alone”
The same questions in other papers
Brassica juncea · control · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Brassica juncea · Pythium · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Brassica napus · Pythium · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
other · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →other · Pythium · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.