Abstract
The purpose of undertaken investigation was to test the possibility of decreasing nickel toxic influence on florescence and fructification of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) 'Koralik' cv. and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) 'Hermes F1' cv. plants by introducing into contaminated medium the ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 - ion exchange resin possessing sorptive properties and containing nutrient elements. In experiment, two levels of nickel (NiSO4·7H2O), i.e. 40 or 100 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate, as well as two doses of the ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 ie. 20 or 50 g·kg-1 of the substrate (relatively 2 and 5% of medium weight), were applied. As a substrate hortisol and quartz sand at rate 2:1 was used. Nickel significantly influenced florescence and fructification date of experimental plants. Nickel at dose 40 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate caused earlier florescence and earlier setting of tomato fruits, as well as significant decrease in the number of cucumber female flowers. Late and limited blooming of tomato plants growing in the medium contained 100 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate resulted in not ripping fruits till the ened of experiment. Under these circumstances, during florescence a complete lack of cucumber female and male flowers was recorded that resulted in complete lack of fruit crop. Ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 introduced to the contaminated medium decreased toxic influence of nickel on the experimental plant species significantly increasing flowers and fruits number. Irrespective of the nickel dose introduced to the medium more efficent for the reduction of this metal phytotoxicity turned out to be addition of ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 at the dosage 5 than 2%. Moreover after introducing 2 or 5% ion exchange substrate dose tomato plants groving in the medium containing 40 mg Ni·kg-1 earlier and more intensive florescence as well as eariel fruits ripeness were observed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel at 40 mg Ni·kg-1 caused earlier tomato flowering and fruit setting.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Nickel at dose 40 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substratee0
- Outcome
- florescence and earlier setting of tomato fruitse0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Value
- 40 mg Ni·kg-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nickel at dose 40 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate caused earlier florescence and earlier setting of tomato fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel at 40 mg Ni·kg-1 significantly reduced cucumber female flower number.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Nickel at dose 40 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substratee0
- Outcome
- number of cucumber female flowerse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 40 mg Ni·kg-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nickel at dose 40 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate caused earlier florescence and earlier setting of tomato fruits, as well as significant decrease in the number of cucumber female flowers.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mg Ni·kg-1, tomato flowering was delayed and limited, and fruits did not ripen before the experiment ended.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 100 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substratee0
- Outcome
- Late and limited blooming of tomato plantse0
- Direction
- Late and limitede0
- Value
- 100 mg Ni·kg-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Late and limited blooming of tomato plants growing in the medium contained 100 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate resulted in not ripping fruits till the ened of experiment.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mg Ni·kg-1, tomato fruits did not ripen by the experiment end.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 100 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substratee0
- Outcome
- not ripping fruits till the ened of experimente0
- Value
- 100 mg Ni·kg-1e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato plants growing in the medium contained 100 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate resulted in not ripping fruits till the ened of experiment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under high nickel, cucumber plants produced no female or male flowers.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- 100 mg Ni·kg-1t0
- Outcome
- complete lack of cucumber female and male flowerse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a complete lack of cucumber female and male flowers was recorded”
t0“two levels of nickel (NiSO4·7H2O), i.e. 40 or 100 mg Ni·kg-1 of the substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Under high nickel, cucumber produced no fruit crop.
- Taxon
- Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- complete lack of fruit crope0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulted in complete lack of fruit crop.”
t0“Cucumis sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding BIONA 312 to nickel-contaminated medium significantly increased flower and fruit numbers in the tested species.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 introduced to the contaminated mediume0
- Outcome
- flowers and fruits numbere0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 introduced to the contaminated medium decreased toxic influence of nickel on the experimental plant species significantly increasing flowers and fruits number.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.”
Claim · model-written summary
BIONA 312 at 5% was more effective than 2% at reducing nickel phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 at the dosage 5e0
- Outcome
- reduction of this metal phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- more efficente0
- Comparator
- 2%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more efficent for the reduction of this metal phytotoxicity turned out to be addition of ion exchange substrate BIONA 312 at the dosage 5 than 2%.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40 mg Ni·kg-1, adding 2 or 5% BIONA 312 led to earlier and more intensive tomato flowering.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 2 or 5% ion exchange substrate dosee0
- Outcome
- florescencee0
- Direction
- earlier and more intensivee0
- Qualifier
- 40 mg Ni·kg-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after introducing 2 or 5% ion exchange substrate dose tomato plants groving in the medium containing 40 mg Ni·kg-1 earlier and more intensive florescence as well as eariel fruits ripeness were observed.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40 mg Ni·kg-1, adding 2 or 5% BIONA 312 advanced tomato fruit ripeness.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 2 or 5% ion exchange substrate dosee0
- Outcome
- fruits ripenesse0
- Direction
- eariele0
- Qualifier
- 40 mg Ni·kg-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after introducing 2 or 5% ion exchange substrate dose tomato plants groving in the medium containing 40 mg Ni·kg-1 earlier and more intensive florescence as well as eariel fruits ripeness were observed.”
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