Abstract
Both deficiency and excess of mineral components in cereal grain may impair its biological value, later interfering with the metabolic processes occurring in animal and human organisms. Potential accumulation of undesirable components in biomass should be taken into consideration since such compounds occur in large amounts in waste material. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the effect of waste-based fertilizers on both the amount of generated biomass and its chemical composition. The present investigations were conducted to determine the effect of fertilization with farmyard manure, municipal sewage sludge and compost from biodegradable materials on the yield and mineral composition of spring wheat grain. The field investigations ran for three years. Nitrogen in wheat grain was assessed using Kjeldahl’s method, phosphorus by colorimetry, sulphur, copper, manganese and zinc by the ICP-AES method, and potassium, magnesium and sodium by flame photogrammetry. In the first year, organic fertilizers were observed to be less stimulating to yield formation than mineral fertilizers. Although the uptake of N, P and K from the applied organic fertilizers was impeded, their deficiency in wheat grain was preventable by balancing doses of these components. Despite different amounts of magnesium, sodium and sulphur applied to the soil with the fertilizers, the concentrations of these elements in grain were considerably stable in the years of the investigations. Copper and manganese concentrations in wheat grain were deficient, which significantly depressed grain fodder value and might indirectly determine the crop yield.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers stimulated yield less than mineral fertilizers in the first year.
- Taxon
- spring wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- organic fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yield formatione0
- Direction
- less stimulatinge0
- Qualifier
- In the first yeare0
- Comparator
- mineral fertilizerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the first year, organic fertilizers were observed to be less stimulating to yield formation than mineral fertilizers.”
t0“spring wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Uptake of N, P and K from applied organic fertilizers was impeded.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- applied organic fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- uptake of N, P and Ke0
- Direction
- impedede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the uptake of N, P and K from the applied organic fertilizers was impeded”
t0“spring wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Balancing N, P and K doses could prevent their deficiency in wheat grain.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- balancing doses of these componentse0
- Outcome
- deficiency in wheat grain was preventablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their deficiency in wheat grain was preventable by balancing doses of these components”
e1“the uptake of N, P and K”
t0“spring wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain magnesium, sodium and sulphur concentrations were considerably stable despite differing fertilizer inputs.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- concentrations of these elements in graine0
- Direction
- considerably stablee0
- Qualifier
- different amounts of magnesium, sodium and sulphur applied to the soil with the fertilizerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Despite different amounts of magnesium, sodium and sulphur applied to the soil with the fertilizers, the concentrations of these elements in grain were considerably stable in the years of the investigations.”
t0“spring wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper concentration in wheat grain was deficient and significantly depressed grain fodder value.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Outcome
- grain fodder valuee0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Qualifier
- Copper and manganese concentrations in wheat grain were deficiente0
Not reportedCompound
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Copper and manganese concentrations in wheat grain were deficient, which significantly depressed grain fodder value”
t0“spring wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese concentration in wheat grain was deficient and significantly depressed grain fodder value.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Outcome
- grain fodder valuee0
- Direction
- depressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Copper and manganese concentrations in wheat grain were deficient, which significantly depressed grain fodder value”
t0“spring wheat grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficient copper and manganese may indirectly determine crop yield.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Outcome
- crop yielde0
- Qualifier
- might indirectly determinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Copper and manganese concentrations in wheat grain were deficient, which significantly depressed grain fodder value and might indirectly determine the crop yield.”
t0“spring wheat grain”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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