Abstract
Abstract Six cultivars of soybeans [ Clycine max (L.) Merr.] were screened for susceptibility with respect to foliar necrosis after exposure to short‐term, relatively high concentrations of SO 2 or SO 2 in combination with NO 2 . In all screening trials (three), the combination of SO 2 and NO 2 produced less foliar injury than did the same concentration of SO 2 singly. Three of the six cultivars with differing susceptibilities to SO 2 , ‘Beeson’ (most sensitive), ‘Amsoy’ (intermediate), and ‘Hark’ (least sensitive), were grown to the 10‐trifoliate stage and were exposed for 4 hours to charcoal‐filtered air (control), 5,200 µ g m −3 SO 2 (2 ppm), 950 µ g m −3 NO 2 (0.5 ppm) or 5,200 µ g m −3 SO 2 plus 950 µ g m −3 NO 2 . Again, necrotic lesions developed only on those plants exposed to 5,200 µ g m −3 SO 2 singly. The youngest fully expanded trifoliates on all three cultivars had the most leaf area damaged. Leaf resistance measurements were made on the upper and lower leaf surfaces of the eighth and ninth trifoliates on two of the six plants per cultivar exposed to each treatment. No changes in leaf resistances of the control plants or those exposed to 950 µ g m −3 NO 2 were measured. Leaf resistances increased somewhat during exposure to SO 2 , but they increased dramatically in plants exposed to the combination of SO 2 and NO 2 . The antagonistic effects of SO 2 and NO 2 on the development of necrotic lesions reported in this paper can be explained at least partially by pollutant avoidance due to stomatal closure caused by the combination of the two pollutants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Combined SO2 and NO2 produced less foliar injury than SO2 alone.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- combination of SO 2 and NO 2e0
- Outcome
- foliar injurye0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- same concentration of SO 2 singlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of SO 2 and NO 2 produced less foliar injury than did the same concentration of SO 2 singly.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Necrotic lesions developed only under SO2 alone.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 5,200 µ g m −3 SO 2 singlye0
- Outcome
- necrotic lesionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“necrotic lesions developed only on those plants exposed to 5,200 µ g m −3 SO 2 singly.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Youngest fully expanded trifoliates had the most damaged leaf area.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- youngest fully expanded trifoliatese0
- Outcome
- leaf area damagede0
- Direction
- moste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The youngest fully expanded trifoliates on all three cultivars had the most leaf area damaged.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Control plants showed no change in leaf resistance.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- leaf resistancese0
- Direction
- No changese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No changes in leaf resistances of the control plants or those exposed to 950 µ g m −3 NO 2 were measured.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
NO2 exposed plants showed no change in leaf resistance.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 950 µ g m −3 NO 2e0
- Outcome
- leaf resistancese0
- Direction
- No changese0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No changes in leaf resistances of the control plants or those exposed to 950 µ g m −3 NO 2 were measured.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf resistance increased somewhat under SO2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- SO 2e0
- Outcome
- Leaf resistancese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf resistances increased somewhat during exposure to SO 2”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf resistance increased dramatically under combined SO2 and NO2.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- combination of SO 2 and NO 2e0
- Outcome
- theye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increased dramatically in plants exposed to the combination of SO 2 and NO 2 .”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors partly attributed reduced lesions under combined pollutants to stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- development of necrotic lesionse0
- Qualifier
- pollutant avoidance due to stomatal closuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The antagonistic effects of SO 2 and NO 2 on the development of necrotic lesions reported in this paper can be explained at least partially by pollutant avoidance due to stomatal closure caused by the combination of the two pollutants.”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
pollution · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.