Abstract
Tomato and pepper differ in their whole-plant tolerance to sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides rimsulfuron and halosulfuron despite both being members of the Solanaceae family. This study examined whether tomato's tolerance to SU herbicides rimsulfuron and halosulfuron was due to insensitivity of the target enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS). Rimsulfuron and halosulfuron inhibited ALS from both tomato and pepper leaves. Enzyme inhibition and kinetic analyses showed that extractable ALS from tomato was more sensitive to rimsulfuron and halosulfuron than ALS from pepper. ALS from both species were inhibited with a mixed inhibition pattern. Thus, results indicate that enzyme insensitivity is not the reason why tomato is more tolerant than pepper to these herbicides. Tomato tolerance to rimsulfuron at the whole-plant level was reduced in the presence of terbufos, a known inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Rimsulfuron applied at 0.018 and 0.035 kg ha −1 with 1.1 kg ha −1 of terbufos reduced tomato shoot weight 69 and 66%, respectively, compared with a 4 and 29% reduction when rimsulfuron was applied alone. The reduction of tomato tolerance to rimsulfuron by terbufos suggests that the sensitivity differences between these species may reflect their differences in SU herbicide metabolism.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Rimsulfuron inhibited tomato ALS.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rimsulfuron and halosulfuron inhibited ALS from both tomato and pepper leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron inhibited tomato ALS.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rimsulfuron and halosulfuron inhibited ALS from both tomato and pepper leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Rimsulfuron inhibited pepper ALS.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Rimsulfuron and halosulfuron inhibited ALS from both tomato and pepper leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron inhibited pepper ALS.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Rimsulfuron and halosulfuron inhibited ALS from both tomato and pepper leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato ALS was more sensitive to both herbicides than pepper ALS.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“extractable ALS from tomato was more sensitive to rimsulfuron and halosulfuron than ALS from pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Both species showed mixed ALS inhibition.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Gene
- ALSe0
- Outcome
- mixed inhibition patterne0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ALS from both species were inhibited with a mixed inhibition pattern”
t0“tomato and pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Terbufos reduced tomato whole-plant tolerance to rimsulfuron.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- terbufose0
- Outcome
- tolerance to rimsulfurone0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato tolerance to rimsulfuron at the whole-plant level was reduced in the presence of terbufos”
Claim · model-written summary
At the lower rimsulfuron dose with terbufos, tomato shoot weight fell 69%, versus 4% with rimsulfuron alone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Rimsulfuron applied at 0.018e0
- Outcome
- shoot weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 69e0
- Qualifier
- 4e0
- Comparator
- rimsulfuron was applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rimsulfuron applied at 0.018 and 0.035 kg ha −1 with 1.1 kg ha −1 of terbufos reduced tomato shoot weight 69 and 66%, respectively, compared with a 4 and 29% reduction when rimsulfuron was applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
At the higher rimsulfuron dose with terbufos, tomato shoot weight fell 66%, versus 29% with rimsulfuron alone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 1.1 kg ha −1 of terbufose0
- Outcome
- shoot weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 66%e0
- Qualifier
- 29%e0
- Comparator
- rimsulfuron was applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rimsulfuron applied at 0.018 and 0.035 kg ha −1 with 1.1 kg ha −1 of terbufos reduced tomato shoot weight 69 and 66%, respectively, compared with a 4 and 29% reduction when rimsulfuron was applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer differential herbicide metabolism may explain tomato and pepper sensitivity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- sensitivity differencese0
- Qualifier
- differences in SU herbicide metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sensitivity differences between these species may reflect their differences in SU herbicide metabolism”
t0“tomato and pepper”
The same questions in other papers
rimsulfuron · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.