Abstract
Cryptochrome genes (CRY) are a novel class of plant genes encoding proteins that bear a strong resemblance to photolyases, a rare class of flavoproteins that absorb light in the blue (B) and UV-A regions of the spectrum and utilise it for photorepair of UV-damaged DNA. In Arabidopsis, both CRY1 and CRY2 are implicated in numerous blue light-dependent responses, including inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, leaf and cotyledon expansion, pigment biosynthesis, stem growth and internode elongation, control of flowering time and phototropism. No information about the in vivo function of CRY genes is available in other plant species. The tomato CRY1 gene (TCRY1) encodes a protein of 679 amino acids, which shows 78% identity and 88% similarity to Arabidopsis CRY1. In order to verify the in vivo function of TCRY1, we constructed antisense tomato plants using the C-terminal portion of the gene. Partial repression of both mRNA and protein levels was observed in one of the transformants. The progeny from this transformant showed an elongated hypocotyl under blue but not under red light. This character co-segregated with the transgene and was dependent on transgene dosage. An additional, partially elongated phenotype was observed in adult plants grown in the greenhouse under dim light and short days with no artificial illumination. This phenotype was suppressed by artificial illumination of both short and long photoperiods. The synthesis of anthocyanins under blue light was reduced in antisense seedlings. In contrast, carotenoid and chlorophyll levels and second positive phototropic curvature were essentially unaltered.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
TCRY1 encodes a 679-amino-acid protein.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Gene
- TCRY1e0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Value
- 679 amino acidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tomato CRY1 gene (TCRY1) encodes a protein of 679 amino acids”
Claim · model-written summary
TCRY1 protein has 78% identity to Arabidopsis CRY1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which shows 78% identity and 88% similarity to Arabidopsis CRY1”
e1“The tomato CRY1 gene (TCRY1)”
Claim · model-written summary
TCRY1 protein has 88% similarity to Arabidopsis CRY1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- TCRY1e1
- Outcome
- similaritye0
- Value
- 88%e0
- Comparator
- Arabidopsis CRY1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which shows 78% identity and 88% similarity to Arabidopsis CRY1”
e1“The tomato CRY1 gene (TCRY1)”
Claim · model-written summary
One antisense transformant had partial repression of mRNA and protein.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- antisensee1
- Gene
- TCRY1e2
- Outcome
- mRNA and protein levelse0
- Direction
- repressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Partial repression of both mRNA and protein levels was observed in one of the transformants.”
e1“antisense tomato plants using the C-terminal portion of the gene”
e2“in vivo function of TCRY1”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense progeny had elongated hypocotyls under blue light but not red light.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- antisensee1
- Outcome
- elongated hypocotyle0
- Direction
- elongatede0
- Comparator
- red lighte0
- Setting
- bluee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The progeny from this transformant showed an elongated hypocotyl under blue but not under red light.”
e1“antisense tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypocotyl elongation co-segregated with the transgene.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Gene
- transgenee0
- Outcome
- elongated hypocotyle1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This character co-segregated with the transgene and was dependent on transgene dosage.”
e1“elongated hypocotyl”
e2“antisense tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypocotyl elongation depended on transgene dosage.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Gene
- transgenee0
- Outcome
- elongated hypocotyle1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This character co-segregated with the transgene and was dependent on transgene dosage.”
e1“elongated hypocotyl”
e2“antisense tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Adult antisense plants had a partially elongated phenotype under dim greenhouse light and short days.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- adult plantse0
- Outcome
- partially elongated phenotypee0
- Qualifier
- dim light and short days with no artificial illuminatione0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An additional, partially elongated phenotype was observed in adult plants grown in the greenhouse under dim light and short days with no artificial illumination.”
e1“antisense tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Artificial illumination suppressed the adult elongated phenotype under short and long photoperiods.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- artificial illuminatione0
- Outcome
- partially elongated phenotypee1
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This phenotype was suppressed by artificial illumination of both short and long photoperiods.”
e1“partially elongated phenotype”
e2“antisense tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanin synthesis under blue light was reduced in antisense seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- antisensee0
- Outcome
- synthesis of anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The synthesis of anthocyanins under blue light was reduced in antisense seedlings.”
e1“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Carotenoid and chlorophyll levels were essentially unaltered.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- carotenoid and chlorophyll levelse0
- Direction
- essentially unalterede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carotenoid and chlorophyll levels and second positive phototropic curvature were essentially unaltered”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Second positive phototropic curvature was essentially unaltered.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- second positive phototropic curvaturee0
- Direction
- essentially unalterede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“second positive phototropic curvature were essentially unaltered”
t0“tomato”
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