Abstract
Field and glasshouse trials were conducted to examine the growth responses of oats to defoliation and nitrogen fertilizer. In a field crop, nitrogen increased tillering early in the growth of the crop and slowed the rate of decline in tiller density in the spring. A dressing of nitrogen after a midwinter defoliation failed to increase the regrowth rate of the crop until early spring. The severity of the defoliation had little effect on the regrowth rate, with subsequent differences in yield being due largely to differences in residual dry matter. In glasshouse experiments, the parts of the plant responded differently to defoliation. The roots stopped growing almost immediately; did not recommence active growth for approximately two weeks, but generally maintained their dry weight during this time. The leaf sheaths declined in dry weight for seven days after defoliation, but then recovered their pre-defoliation weight after a further three days. The growth rate of the leaf laminae was apparently unaffected by the defoliation. Plants with a high nitrogen availability recovered faster after defoliation. The more severe the defoliation, the longer the plant took to recover, but once active growth recommenced, there was no difference between the growth rates of plants defoliated to different degrees. The prevailing climatic conditions also influenced the time to recommence active growth. A second defoliation imposed before the plants had replaced the weight lost by the leaf sheaths after an earlier defoliation reduced the subsequent regrowth. situation is discussed.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased oat tillering early in growth in a field crop.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativat0 - Treatment
- nitrogene1
- Outcome
- tilleringe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- early in the growth of the crope1
- Setting
- field crope1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e1“In a field crop, nitrogen increased tillering early in the growth of the crop and slowed the rate of decline in tiller density in the spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen slowed the rate of decline in oat tiller density in spring.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogene1
- Outcome
- rate of decline in tiller densitye1
- Direction
- slowede1
- Qualifier
- in the springe1
- Setting
- field crope1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e1“In a field crop, nitrogen increased tillering early in the growth of the crop and slowed the rate of decline in tiller density in the spring”
Claim · model-written summary
A nitrogen dressing after midwinter defoliation failed to increase the oat regrowth rate until early spring.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- A dressing of nitrogen after a midwinter defoliatione2
- Outcome
- regrowth ratee2
- Direction
- failed to increasee2
- Qualifier
- until early springe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e2“A dressing of nitrogen after a midwinter defoliation failed to increase the regrowth rate of the crop until early spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation severity had little effect on the oat regrowth rate.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- The severity of the defoliatione3
- Outcome
- regrowth ratee3
- Direction
- little effecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e3“The severity of the defoliation had little effect on the regrowth rate, with subsequent differences in yield being due largely to differences in residual dry matter”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsequent differences in oat yield are due largely to differences in residual dry matter.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- differences in yielde3
- Qualifier
- differences in residual dry mattere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e3“The severity of the defoliation had little effect on the regrowth rate, with subsequent differences in yield being due largely to differences in residual dry matter”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation stopped oat root growth almost immediately in glasshouse experiments.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Treatment
- defoliatione5
- Outcome
- rootse4
- Direction
- stopped growinge4
- Setting
- glasshousee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e4“The roots stopped growing almost immediately; did not recommence active growth for approximately two weeks, but generally maintained their dry weight during this time”
e5“In glasshouse experiments, the parts of the plant responded differently to defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Oat roots did not recommence active growth for approximately two weeks after defoliation.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Treatment
- defoliatione5
- Outcome
- active growthe4
- Direction
- did not recommencee4
- Value
- approximately two weekse4
- Setting
- glasshousee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e4“The roots stopped growing almost immediately; did not recommence active growth for approximately two weeks, but generally maintained their dry weight during this time”
e5“In glasshouse experiments, the parts of the plant responded differently to defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Oat roots generally maintained their dry weight during the defoliation recovery period.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse4
- Treatment
- defoliatione5
- Outcome
- dry weighte4
- Direction
- maintainede4
- Setting
- glasshousee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e4“The roots stopped growing almost immediately; did not recommence active growth for approximately two weeks, but generally maintained their dry weight during this time”
e5“In glasshouse experiments, the parts of the plant responded differently to defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf sheath dry weight declined for seven days after defoliation.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf sheathse6
- Treatment
- defoliatione6
- Outcome
- dry weighte6
- Direction
- declinede6
- Value
- seven dayse6
- Setting
- glasshousee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e6“The leaf sheaths declined in dry weight for seven days after defoliation, but then recovered their pre-defoliation weight after a further three days”
e5“In glasshouse experiments, the parts of the plant responded differently to defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf sheaths recovered their pre-defoliation weight after a further three days.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf sheathse6
- Treatment
- defoliatione6
- Outcome
- pre-defoliation weighte6
- Direction
- recoverede6
- Value
- a further three dayse6
- Setting
- glasshousee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e6“The leaf sheaths declined in dry weight for seven days after defoliation, but then recovered their pre-defoliation weight after a further three days”
e5“In glasshouse experiments, the parts of the plant responded differently to defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth rate of the leaf laminae was apparently unaffected by defoliation.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf laminaee7
- Treatment
- defoliatione7
- Outcome
- growth rate of the leaf laminaee7
- Direction
- unaffectede7
- Setting
- glasshousee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e7“The growth rate of the leaf laminae was apparently unaffected by the defoliation”
e5“In glasshouse experiments, the parts of the plant responded differently to defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants with high nitrogen availability recovered faster after defoliation.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen availabilitye6
- Outcome
- recoverede6
- Direction
- fastere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e6“Plants with a high nitrogen availability recovered faster after defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
The more severe the defoliation, the longer oat plants took to recover.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- defoliatione7
- Outcome
- took to recovere7
- Direction
- longere7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e7“The more severe the defoliation, the longer the plant took to recover, but once active growth recommenced, there was no difference between the growth rates of plants defoliated to different degrees”
Claim · model-written summary
Once active growth recommenced, oat growth rates did not differ between plants defoliated to different degrees.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- plants defoliated to different degreese7
- Outcome
- growth ratese7
- Direction
- no differencee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e7“The more severe the defoliation, the longer the plant took to recover, but once active growth recommenced, there was no difference between the growth rates of plants defoliated to different degrees”
Claim · model-written summary
Prevailing climatic conditions influenced the time oat plants took to recommence active growth.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- prevailing climatic conditionse1
- Outcome
- time to recommence active growthe1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e1“The prevailing climatic conditions also influenced the time to recommence active growth”
Claim · model-written summary
A second defoliation before leaf sheaths regained the weight lost after an earlier defoliation reduced subsequent oat regrowth.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- A second defoliatione6
- Outcome
- subsequent regrowthe6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Comparator
- an earlier defoliatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Response of oats to nitrogen and defoliation”
e6“A second defoliation imposed before the plants had replaced the weight lost by the leaf sheaths after an earlier defoliation reduced the subsequent regrowth”
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See all 116 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.