Abstract
In higher plants, many developmental processes, such as photomorphogenesis and flowering, are coregulated by light and the phytohormone cytokinin. Interactions between light and cytokinin pathways are presumably mediated by common signaling intermediates. However, the molecular mechanism of these interactions remains unclear. Here, we report that cytokinin specifically induces the expression of the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator genes LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL ( LHY ) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK‐ASSOCIATED 1 ( CCA1 ) but represses the expression of TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 in a light‐dependent manner. Consistent with these observations, cytokinin causes a shifted phase of the circadian clock. Mutant studies showed that the altered clock oscillation modulated by cytokinin is dependent on phytochrome B ( PHYB ) and Arabidopsis RESPONSE REGULATOR 4 ( ARR4 ). Whereas overexpression of LHY or CCA1 renders plants slightly more sensitive to cytokinin, phyB and a lhy/cca1 double mutant are less sensitive to the hormone. These results suggest that cytokinin affects the circadian clock oscillation in a PHYB ‐ and ARR4 ‐dependent manner and that cytokinin signaling is also regulated by light‐signaling components, including PHYB , LHY and CCA1 . Therefore, phyB, ARR4 and the circadian oscillator may function as signaling intermediates to integrate light and cytokinin pathways.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin induces LHY expression in Arabidopsis in a light-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- cytokinine0
- Gene
- LHYe0
- Outcome
- expression of the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator genese0
- Direction
- inducese0
- Qualifier
- light‐dependent mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cytokinin specifically induces the expression of the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator genes LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL ( LHY ) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK‐ASSOCIATED 1 ( CCA1 ) but represses the expression of TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 in a light‐dependent manner”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin induces CCA1 expression in a light-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- cytokinine0
- Gene
- CCA1e0
- Outcome
- expression of the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator genese0
- Direction
- inducese0
- Qualifier
- light‐dependent mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cytokinin specifically induces the expression of the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator genes LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL ( LHY ) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK‐ASSOCIATED 1 ( CCA1 ) but represses the expression of TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 in a light‐dependent manner”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin represses TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 expression in a light-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- cytokinine0
- Gene
- TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1e0
- Outcome
- expression of TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1e0
- Direction
- repressese0
- Qualifier
- light‐dependent mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cytokinin specifically induces the expression of the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator genes LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL ( LHY ) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK‐ASSOCIATED 1 ( CCA1 ) but represses the expression of TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 in a light‐dependent manner”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin shifts the phase of the Arabidopsis circadian clock.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- cytokinine0
- Outcome
- phase of the circadian clocke0
- Direction
- shiftede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cytokinin causes a shifted phase of the circadian clock”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin-modulated clock oscillation depends on PHYB.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- cytokinine0
- Gene
- PHYBe0
- Outcome
- altered clock oscillatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the altered clock oscillation modulated by cytokinin is dependent on phytochrome B ( PHYB ) and Arabidopsis RESPONSE REGULATOR 4 ( ARR4 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin-modulated clock oscillation depends on ARR4.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- cytokinine0
- Gene
- ARR4e0
- Outcome
- altered clock oscillatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the altered clock oscillation modulated by cytokinin is dependent on phytochrome B ( PHYB ) and Arabidopsis RESPONSE REGULATOR 4 ( ARR4 )”
Claim · model-written summary
LHY overexpression slightly increases cytokinin sensitivity.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- overexpression of LHYe0
- Gene
- LHYe0
- Outcome
- sensitive to cytokinine0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of LHY or CCA1 renders plants slightly more sensitive to cytokinin”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
CCA1 overexpression slightly increases cytokinin sensitivity.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- CCA1e0
- Gene
- CCA1e0
- Outcome
- sensitive to cytokinine0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of LHY or CCA1 renders plants slightly more sensitive to cytokinin”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
phyB mutants are less cytokinin-sensitive.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- phyBe0
- Outcome
- less sensitive to the hormonee0
- Direction
- less sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyB and a lhy/cca1 double mutant are less sensitive to the hormone”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
lhy/cca1 double mutants are less cytokinin-sensitive.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lhy/cca1 double mutante0
- Outcome
- less sensitive to the hormonee0
- Direction
- less sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phyB and a lhy/cca1 double mutant are less sensitive to the hormone”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
class · molecular: expression · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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- negative
- negative
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