Abstract
Experiments were conducted at the Upper Coastal Plain Research Station near Rocky Mount and at the Peanut Belt Research Station near Lewiston-Woodville in 2002 and 2003. Peanut injury was minimal (< 5%) with all soil-applied programs. S-Metolachlor PRE alone or in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazin controlled annual grasses similarly (66 to 87%). The addition of imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST increased annual grass control (> 93%). Sulfentrazone or diclosulam in mixture with S-metolachlor were the best PRE options, with 94% and 92% control of yellow and purple nutsedge, respectively, with flumioxazin being least effective at 70%. Diclosulam and flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlor were the best PRE options, with 99% and 93%, respectively for common ragweed control, whereas sulfentrazone was the least effective at 65%. S-Metolachlor in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazin PRE were similar (87 to 90%) for common lambsquarters control. S-Metolachlor in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazin provided similar levels of entireleaf, ivyleaf, pitted, and tall morningglory control (87, 86, and 87%, respectively) and better than S-metolachlor alone at 64%. Flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlor was the best PRE option for control of Palmer amaranth at 96%, whereas diclosulam with S-metolachlor was the best PRE option for control of eclipta at 100%. The prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST and imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST were similar for all morningglory species (> 96%) and Palmer amaranth control (93 and 97%, respectively). Peanut treated with S-metolachlor plus diclosulam PRE numerically yielded the highest at 3,210 kg/ha, but were statistically equivalent to S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at 3,040 kg/ha. Peanut treated with imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST yielded the most at 3,400 kg/ha, while peanut treated with a prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST yielded less (3,070 kg/ha).Nomenclature: 2,4-DB, acifluorfen, bentazon, diclosulam, flumioxazin, imazapic, S-metolachlor, sulfentrazone, common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEAL, common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. AMBEL, eclipta, Eclipta prostrata L. ECLAL, entireleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula Gray IPOHG, ivyleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. IPOHE, Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPA, pitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. IPOLA, purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. CYPRO, tall morningglory, Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth PHBPU, yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. CYPES, peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., ‘NCV-11’, ‘VA-98R’
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
All soil-applied programs caused less than 5% peanut injury.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- all soil-applied programse0
- Outcome
- Peanut injurye0
- Direction
- minimale0
- Value
- < 5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut injury was minimal (< 5%) with all soil-applied programs”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
S-Metolachlor PRE alone or with the listed herbicides controlled annual grasses by 66 to 87%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- S-Metolachlor PRE alone or in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- annual grassese0weed
- Outcome
- annual grassese0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 66 to 87%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S-Metolachlor PRE alone or in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazin controlled annual grasses similarly (66 to 87%)”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST raised annual grass control above 93%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- imazapic plus 2,4-DB POSTe0
- Interactor
- annual grasse0weed
- Outcome
- annual grass controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- > 93%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST increased annual grass control (> 93%)”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone with S-metolachlor gave 94% nutsedge control.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone or diclosulam in mixture with S-metolachlore0
- Interactor
- yellow and purple nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- control of yellow and purple nutsedgee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 94%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfentrazone or diclosulam in mixture with S-metolachlor were the best PRE options, with 94% and 92% control of yellow and purple nutsedge”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclosulam with S-metolachlor gave 92% nutsedge control.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- diclosulam in mixture with S-metolachlore0
- Interactor
- yellow and purple nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- control of yellow and purple nutsedgee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 92%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“diclosulam in mixture with S-metolachlor were the best PRE options, with 94% and 92% control of yellow and purple nutsedge”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin was least effective against nutsedge at 70%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Outcome
- least effectivee0
- Direction
- least effectivee0
- Value
- 70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flumioxazin being least effective at 70%”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclosulam with S-metolachlor controlled common ragweed by 99%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Diclosulam and flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlore0
- Interactor
- common ragweed
Ambrosia artemisiifoliae0weed - Outcome
- common ragweed controle0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 99%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diclosulam and flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlor were the best PRE options, with 99% and 93%, respectively for common ragweed control”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin with S-metolachlor controlled common ragweed by 93%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlore0
- Interactor
- common ragweedAmbrosia artemisiifoliae0weed
- Outcome
- common ragweed controle0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 93%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlor were the best PRE options, with 99% and 93%, respectively for common ragweed control”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone was least effective for common ragweed control at 65%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazonee0
- Outcome
- least effectivee0
- Direction
- least effectivee0
- Value
- 65%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sulfentrazone was the least effective at 65%”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
S-metolachlor mixtures controlled common lambsquarters similarly at 87 to 90%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- S-Metolachlor in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazin PREe0
- Interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- common lambsquarters controle0
- Direction
- similare0
- Value
- 87 to 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S-Metolachlor in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazin PRE were similar (87 to 90%) for common lambsquarters control”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
S-metolachlor mixtures gave better morningglory control than S-metolachlor alone.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- S-Metolachlor in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- morningglory controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- S-metolachlor alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S-Metolachlor in mixture with sulfentrazone, diclosulam, or flumioxazin provided similar levels of entireleaf, ivyleaf, pitted, and tall morningglory control (87, 86, and 87%, respectively) and better than S-metolachlor alone at 64%”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin with S-metolachlor gave 96% Palmer amaranth control.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlore0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- control of Palmer amaranthe0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flumioxazin in mixture with S-metolachlor was the best PRE option for control of Palmer amaranth at 96%”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclosulam with S-metolachlor gave 100% eclipta control.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- diclosulam with S-metolachlore0
- Interactor
- ecliptae0weed
- Outcome
- control of ecliptae0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“diclosulam with S-metolachlor was the best PRE option for control of eclipta at 100%”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
The two POST mixtures gave similar morningglory control above 96%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- The prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST and imazapic plus 2,4-DB POSTe0
- Interactor
- morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- all morningglory speciese0
- Direction
- similare0
- Value
- > 96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST and imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST were similar for all morningglory species (> 96%)”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST controlled Palmer amaranth by 93%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- Palmer amaranth controle0
- Value
- 93e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Palmer amaranth control (93 and 97%, respectively)”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST controlled Palmer amaranth by 97%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- Palmer amaranth controle0
- Value
- 97%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Palmer amaranth control (93 and 97%, respectively)”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut treated with S-metolachlor plus diclosulam PRE yielded 3,210 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- S-metolachlor plus diclosulam PREe0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3,210 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut treated with S-metolachlor plus diclosulam PRE numerically yielded the highest at 3,210 kg/ha, but were statistically equivalent to S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at 3,040 kg/ha”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut treated with S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE yielded 3,040 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin PREe0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Value
- 3,040 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut treated with S-metolachlor plus diclosulam PRE numerically yielded the highest at 3,210 kg/ha, but were statistically equivalent to S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at 3,040 kg/ha”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut treated with imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST yielded 3,400 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- imazapic plus 2,4-DB POSTe0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- moste0
- Value
- 3,400 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut treated with imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST yielded the most at 3,400 kg/ha, while peanut treated with a prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST yielded less (3,070 kg/ha)”
t0“Peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut treated with a prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST yielded 3,070 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- a prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POSTe0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 3,070 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut treated with imazapic plus 2,4-DB POST yielded the most at 3,400 kg/ha, while peanut treated with a prepackaged mixture of acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4-DB POST yielded less (3,070 kg/ha)”
t0“Peanuts”
The same questions in other papers
imazapic · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →flumioxazin · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →Diclosulam · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →Diclosulam · Ambrosia artemisiifolia · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
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See all 6 papers →acifluorfen · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →bentazone · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →flumioxazin · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →Diclosulam · control · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.